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A blood donation occurs when a person voluntarily has blood drawn and used for transfusions and/or made into biopharmaceutical medications by a process called fractionation. Donation may be of whole blood, or of specific components directly
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Plasma, which is a clear extracellular fluid. Formed elements, which are made up of the blood cells and platelets.
Blood facts
Approximately 8% of an adult’s body weight is made up of blood.
Females have around 4-5 litres, while males have around 5-6 litres. This difference is mainly due to the differences in body size between men and women.
Its mean temperature is 38 degrees Celcius.
It has a pH of 7.35-7.45, making it slightly basic (less than 7 is considered acidic).
Whole blood is about 4.5-5.5 times as viscous as water, indicating that it is more resistant to flow than water. This viscosity is vital to the function of blood because if blood flows too easily or with too much resistance, it can strain the heart and lead to severe cardiovascular problems.
Blood in the arteries is a brighter red than blood in the veins because of the higher levels of oxygen found in the arteries.
An artificial substitute for human blood has not been found.
Composition of blood
Blood is classified as a connective tissue and consists of two main components:
Plasma, which is a clear extracellular fluid
Formed elements, which are made up of the blood cells and platelets
The formed elements are so named because they are enclosed in a plasma membrane and have a definite structure and shape. All formed elements are cells except for the platelets, which are tiny fragments of bone marrow cells.