Information about Dr.Bhabha Atomic Research Center.
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Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) is a premier research and development centre of the Department of Atomic Energy, located at Trombay, Mumbai. It was set up in the year 1954 as Atomic Energy Establishment Trombay (AEET) with Dr. Homi J. Bhabha as its first Director
The Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) is India's premier nuclear research facility, headquartered in Trombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra. BARC is a multi-disciplinary research centre with extensive infrastructure for advanced research and development covering the entire spectrum of nuclear science, engineering and related areas.
Abbreviation
BARC
Motto
Atoms in the service of the Nation
Formation
January 3, 1954
Founder
Homi J. Bhabha
Purpose
Nuclear research
Headquarters
Trombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra
Coordinates
19.017°N 72.925°E
Director
Dr. Ajit Kumar Mohanty
Parent organisation
Department of Atomic Energy
Budget
₹3,159 crore (US$460 million) (2015–2016)
Website
barc.gov.in
Formerly called
Atomic Energy Establishment, Trombay
BARC's core mandate is to sustain peaceful applications of nuclear energy, primarily for power generation. It manages all facts of nuclear power generation, from theoretical design of reactors to, computerised modelling and simulation, risk analysis, development and testing of new reactor fuel materials, etc. It also conducts research in spent fuel processing, and safe disposal of nuclear waste. Its other research focus areas are applications for isotopes in industries, medicine, agriculture, etc. BARC operates a number of research reactors across the country.
History of BARC
India's first reactor and a plutonium reprocessing facility, Mumbai, as photographed by a US satellite on 19 February 1966.
The Government of India created the Atomic Energy Establishment, Trombay (AEET) on 3 January 1954. It was established to consolidate all the research and development activity for nuclear reactors and technology under the Atomic Energy Commission. All scientists and engineers engaged in the fields of reactor designing and development, instrumentation, metallurgy and material science etc., were transferred with their respective programmes from the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) to AEET, with TIFR retaining its original focus for fundamental research in the sciences. After Homi Jehangir Bhabha's sorrowful death in 1966, the centre was renamed as the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre on 22 January 1967. All the directors of the BARC were highly qualified doctorates in their discipline and were internationally recognised for their contribution in academia, who were the crown of this prestigious research organisation.
The first reactors at BARC and its affiliated power generation centres were imported from the west. India's first power reactors, installed at the Tarapur Atomic Power Station were from the United States.
The primary importance of BARC is as a research centre. The BARC and the Indian government has consistently maintained that the reactors are used for this purpose only: Apsara (1956; named by the then Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru when he likened the blue Cerenkov radiation to the beauty of the Apsaras), CIRUS (1960; the "Canada-India Reactor" with assistance from the US), the now-defunct ZERLINA (1961; Zero Energy Reactor for Lattice Investigations and Neutron Assay), Purnima I (1972), Purnima II (1984), Dhruva (1985), Purnima III (1990), and KAMINI.
Digitally altered image of BARC (view from seaside)
The plutonium used in India's 1974 Smiling Buddha nuclear test came from CIRUS. The 1974 test (and the 1998 tests that followed) gave Indian scientists the technological know-how and confidence not only to develop nuclear fuel for future reactors to be used in power generation and research, but also the capacity to refine the same fuel into weapons-grade fuel to be used in the development of nuclear weapons.
BARC also designed and built India's first Pressurised water reactor at Kalpakkam, a 80MW land based prototype of INS Arihant's nuclear power unit, as well as the Arihant's propulsion reactor.
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Information about Dr.Bhabha Atomic Research Center is as follows:
- In India, premier nuclear research facility is Dr. Bhabha Atomic Research Center.
- The facts of generation of nuclear power, risk analysis, testing and development are managed by them.
- There are some areas like agriculture, medicine, industries are also the point of focus of BARC.
- Across the country, many research reactors are operated by BARC.