information about some movement form 1915 of gandhiji
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Middle Phase of the Freedom Struggle (1915-1930)
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Indian National Movement - II (1918-1929)
Middle Phase of the Freedom Struggle (1915-1930)
• The decisive phase of the Nationalist Movement [1917-1947] began when Gandhiji returned to India from South Africa in January 1915. This phase is also known as the Gandhian Era.
• During this period Mahatma Gandhi became the undisputed leader of the National Movement.
• His principles of non-violence and Satyagraha were employed against the British Government. Gandhi made the nationalist movement a mass movement.
• Gandhiji was greatly influenced by the works of Leo Tolstoy’s Civil Disobedience and Ruskin’s ‘unto to the last’.
• Tolstoy’s ideal of non-possession was developed by Gandhiji in his concept of ‘trusteeship’.
• He was also influenced by the life and teachings of Swami Vivekananda.
• His political Guru Gokhale and Dadabhai Naroji also influenced him.
• Besides he had an experience of struggle in South Africa during (1894-1914). He came to India in 1915.
• His non-violent satyagraha involved peaceful violation of specific laws.
• He resorted to mass courting arrest and occasional hartals and spectacular marches.
• He had readiness for negotiations and compromise.
• His struggle against foreign rule is popularly known as ‘struggle-truce-struggle’.