Question

Information of chemical atonic structure

Answer 1

The text provides a historical perspective of how the internal structure of the atom was discovered. It is certainly one of the most important scientific discoveries of this century, and I recommend that you read through it. However, we will begin our discussion of the atom from the modern day perspective.

All atoms are made from three subatomic particles

� Protons, neutron & electrons.

These particles have the following properties:

Particle

Charge

Mass (g)

Mass (amu)

Proton

+1

1.6727 x 10-24 g

1.007316

Neutron

0

1.6750 x 10-24 g

1.008701

Electron

-1

9.110 x 10-28 g

0.000549

In the above table I have used a unit of mass called the atomic mass unit (amu). This unit is much more convenient to use than grams for describing masses of atoms. It is defined so that both protons and neutrons have a mass of approximately 1 amu. Its precise definition will be given later.

The important points to keep in mind are as follows:

Protons and neutrons have almost the same mass, while the electron is approximately 2000 times lighter.Protons and electrons carry charges of equal magnitude, but opposite charge. Neutrons carry no charge (they are neutral).

It was once thought that protons, neutrons and electrons were spread out in a rather uniform fashion to form the atom (see J.J. Thompson’s plum pudding model of the atom on page 42), but now we know the actual structure of the atom to be quite different.

Answer 2

Explanation:

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