Question

information on Indian rat snake in konkani

Answer 1

All over the India including North-east and Andaman Islands.Venom Type: N/AFamily: ColubridaeCharacteristics for identification: 

Very long body with dark color patterns on the whole dorsal surface are its general identification features. Apart from these it can be identifies precisely by checking posterior body reticulated with black color net like markings. Traditionally people differentiate between Cobra and Rat Snake by accepting Rat Snake to be a snake having head broader than neck or neck thinner than mid body.

Description: 

New born- 32-47cm.
Average length- 210cm (7ft).
Maximum length- 350cm (11ft & 6inch)

Dorsal -
Body slender with smooth and keeled scales (majority of scales smooth). Keeled scales present on 4-8 topmost rows mostly on the posterior body. Regular black, yellow and white band like markings present on the whole body according to the color of the dorsal. These black colored patterns become net-Like on tail side and more prominent than rest of dorsal. Dorsal color varies from jet black (Central India and parts of North-East), greenish black, range of brown, yellow etc. Sometimes black colored specimens lack any patterns.

Ventral -
Belly color also depends on color of dorsal; from pale yellow or white mixed with green, brown, gray, yellow etc. sometimes dark color patches exist on the whole belly. Subcaudal scales paired in zig-zag manner.

Head -
Head pointed, not depressed with shiny smooth scales, clearly broader than the neck. Blackish color border present on upper lip and underside scales. Large eyes have rounded pupil. Tongue color purplish-black with darker color on the front side.

Tail -
Long and slender tail typically like other arboreal snakes with a pointed tip. Blackish reticulations present on the whole posterior body.

HideScalationHead: 8 supralabial; 4th & 5th in contact with eyes; preocular 1; presubocular 1; loreal 1-4 but 3 is most common; postocular 2; temporal 2+2. Maxillary teeth 20-25.Dorsal: Both smooth and keeled scales in 17/18/19: 16/17: 14 rows.Ventral: 190-213; angulated laterally; anal divided.Sub Caudal: 100-146; paired; Hemipenis extends to the 10th-12th caudal plate, not forked.Habitat: Remain hidden in dark and silent places like rat holes, termite mounds, wood caves, under rocks or any narrow and dark place. Distributed in variety of forests including rainforest, scrub lands, semi-desert, dry, moist and mixed deciduous forests, grasslands, mangroves, wetlands etc. Lives in almost all kinds of habitat due to its tendency to survive in tough conditions; this includes urban areas, dense & open forest, hills & plains, agricultural lands etc. Prefers wet surroundings during summer (shows semi aquatic behavior few times), while dry during monsoon.Natural History: Rat Snake is a diurnal species which shows both arboreal and terrestrial activity depending upon foraging and resting needs. Behavior fast, alert and very quick to respond. On threatening it creeps away from enemy and tries to hide in dark and narrow places like holes, cracks, dense bushes etc. In cornered position it laterally inflates forebody and growls. Can bite on further disturbance. Mating season of Rat Snake begins from winters and extends to start of monsoon. This begins with breeding male combats near water bodies. Combat is done by mutual winding of male bodies to make helix of posterior half and raised forebody where they try to show dominance over each other. After showing dominance and winning, the male performs mating ritual which is done in silent places away from human disturbance. Female lays upto 35 eggs in silent and dark places which are usually in caves, large mounds, between rocks and wood piles. Egg guarding and incubation is done by female till hatching. The period of incubation is around 60-80 days depending upon weather. Most of the new born seen during whole of monsoon and starting of winters.Diet: Feeds on a variety of prey mostly on rodents and toads; also feeds upon birds, small mammals, other snakes, all kind of lizards, eggs etc.Threats: Threats includes killing due to misidentification with venomous species like King Cobra, other Cobra species. This is one the most intentionally threatened snake in its range due to its prone activity in and around humans and large size. In many parts of its range it is exploited for skin and edible use. Snake charmers use this species in snake charming because of its large size and harmless to display nature.

Answer 2

कोंकणींतल्या उंदीर सोर्पाविशीं म्हायती:

• ह्यो नाग ईशान्य भारतांत आनी अंदमान जुंव्यांचेर सांपडटा.
• हें कोलुब्रिडी ह्या जनावरांच्या कुळांत येता

• पुराय फाटीच्या पृश्ठाचेर काळो रंगाचे नमुने आशिल्ली खूब लांब आंग हें ताचें सामान्य खाशेलपण.
• ह्या सोडल्यार काळ्या रंगाच्या जाळ्यासारक्या चिन्नांवांगडा जाळीदार फाटली आंग तपासून ताची नेमकी वळख करूं येता.
• परंपरेन लोक उंदीर सोरोप मानून तकली रूंद आशिल्लो वा मध्य आंगापरस मान पातळ आशिल्लो सोरोप मानून कोबरा आनी उंदीर सोरोप हांचेमदीं भेद करतात.

• गुळगुळीत आनी कील आशिल्लीं खवळां आशिल्लीं कुडीं बारीक (भोवतेक खवळां गुळगुळीत आसतात).
• फाटीच्या रंगाप्रमाण पुराय आंगाचेर नियमित काळे, हळडुवे आनी धवे पट्टेसारके चिन्न आसतात.
• हे काळ्या रंगाचे नमुने शेंपडेचे वटेन नेट-लायक जातात आनी उरिल्ल्या फाटीच्या भागापरस चड दिसून येतात.
• उंदीर बुराक, दीमक दोंगर, लांकडी लेणी, फातरांच्या सकयल वा खंयच्याय अरुंद आनी काळखांतल्या सुवातेर अशा काळखांतल्या आनी निश्चल सुवातेर लिपून रावप.
• पावसाचे रानां, झाडां-झुडपां, अर्दवाळवंटी, सुकीं, ओलसाणीचीं आनी मिश्र पानझडी रानां, तणाचीं वाठारां, मॅंग्रोव, ओलसाणीचीं वाठारां आदी विंगड विंगड रानांनी पातळिल्लें आसा.
• कठीण परिस्थितींत जियेवपाची प्रवृत्ती आशिल्ल्यान चड करून सगळ्या तरांच्या रावपाच्या सुवातेर रावता; हातूंत शारी वाठार, दाट & उक्ते रान, दोंगुल्ल्यो & मळां, शेतकी जमनी आदी आस्पावता उमाशेक ओलें भोंवतण पसंत करता (अर्ध उदकांतली वागणूक कांय फावटीं दाखयता), पावसाळ्यांत सुकी आसता.
• उंदीर सोरोप ही एक दिसाची जात आसून ती खावपाची आनी विसव घेवपाची गरज पळोवन झाड आनी भूंयगत अशीं दोनूय क्रियाशीलताय दाखयता.
• वागणूक जलद, जागृत आनी प्रतिसाद दिवपाक सामकी बेगीन.
• धोक्याच्या वेळार तो दुस्मानापसून पयस सरपटता आनी बुराक, फटीं, दाट झुडपां आदी अशा काळखांतल्या आनी अरुंद सुवातींनी लिपपाचो यत्न करता कोनशाक आशिल्ल्या स्थितींत तो बाजूक फुगता आनी गुरगुरता.
• चड करून मुयो आनी टोड हांचेर विंगड विंगड शिकार खाता; तशेंच सुकणीं, ल्हान सस्तन प्राणी, हेर सोरोप, सगळ्या तरांचे कोंबे, तांतयां आदी खावता.

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