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Innovation in synthetic fibres - beneficial to the environment
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Answer 1

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Construction

Natural vs Synthetic Fiber Reinforced Polymer

3509 words (14 pages) Essay

18th Jul 2018 Construction Reference this

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Concrete technology as a branch discipline of technology requires increase in the degree of specialization and consolidation of the fiber material in the cement matrix form composite materials. It requires knowledge of the concepts related to the interaction between the fiber and adhesive cement, mortar or matrix concrete that influence the production and nature of the product. The scientists and engineers have been actively exploring to find the materials that will be used as replacement of conventional materials that can provide a feature best new design and innovation to enhance the material.

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Answer 2

Synthetic Fibres Definition

Synthetic fibres are man-made fibres. The raw material used for making these fibres is petroleum. Hence another name for these fibres is ‘petrochemicals’. Small units called ‘polymers’ make up these fibres. ‘Monomer’ is the individual unit that makes up each polymer.

Semi-Synthetic Fibres

Semi-synthetic fibres derive from naturally-occurring fibres through a chemical process. The naturally occurring fibre is harvested, broken down, and then reconstructed. This is usually done using cellulose. Cellulose is a component that is abundant in plants. This cellulose is extracted from the plants, made soluble, and then spun into fibre.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Synthetic Fibres:-

Advantages of Synthetic Fibres

•Synthetic fibers have good elasticity.

•They don’t wrinkle up easily.

•Fabrics made from these fibres are less expensive, durable and readily available in comparison to natural fibers.

•Synthetic fibers can handle the heavy load without breaking.

•They don’t shrink.

•Synthetic fibers blend well with other fibres.

•They’re very absorbent.

•Due to these advantages, synthetic fibers have become an important part of the textile industry.

Disadvantages of Synthetic Fibres:

•Synthetic fibers require attention while ironing since they tend to melt away easily.

•Most of these fibres absorb very little. So, they stick to the body while sweating on hot summer days. Thus, making it uncomfortable to wear during such days.

•Synthetic fibers are prone to catch fire very easily.

•These fibres are non-biodegradable.

Synthetic Fibres Examples

Following are some of the most common types of synthetic fibres

#Rayon

Synthetic fibres - Rayon

Rayon is the first synthetic fiber. Its discovery was towards the end of the nineteenth century. It comes from the chemical treatment of wood pulp.

Since rayon is like silk but is cheaper than silk, it is thus called ‘poor man’s silk’.

Bedsheets and clothing materials are made from a combination of rayon with cotton.

Rayon is soft, absorbent and comfortable.

Carpets are made from a combination of rayon with wool.

#Nylon

Synthetic fibres - Nylon

We get the term ‘Nylon’ from the letters of ‘New York’ and ‘London’. The term was coined in 1931. Nylon comes from coal, water, and air.

It is very lustrous, easy to wash and elastic.

Nylon dries up quickly and maintains its shape.

Things such as seat belts of the car, sleeping bags, socks, ropes, etc.

#Polyester

Polyester comes from coal, water, air and petroleum.

It is made from repeating units of a chemical termed as esters.

It is very easy to wash and it remains wrinkle-free.

Terylene, a type of polyester is used is making dress materials.

Polyester maintains its shape and remains crisp.

I hope it is helpful.....