input consumption before and after covid-19 . give answer as soon as possible its urgent I will mark him or har as brain list
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The purpose of this research paper is to examine the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on consumer behavior. Will the consumers permanently change their consumption habits due to lockdown and social distancing or will they go back to their old habits once the global crisis is over? Will there be new habits consumers will acquire due to new regulations related to air travel, shopping at the shopping centers and attending concerts and sports events? Will consumers find that going to a store or attending an event in person is much of a hassle, and therefore, it is better to let the store or the event come to home? To some extent, this has been happening for quite some time in sports tournaments and entertainment by broadcasting them on television and radio.
All consumption is location and time bound. Consumers develop habits over time about what to consume, when and where (Sheth, 2020a, Sheth, 2020b). Of course, this is not limited to consumption. It is also true of shopping, searching for information and post consumption waste disposal. And consumer behavior is highly predictable, and we have many good predictive models and consumer insights based on past repetitive buying behavior at the individual level.
While consumption is habitual it is also contextual. Context matters and there are four major contexts which govern or disrupt consumer habits. The first is change in the social context by such life events as marriage, having children and moving from one city to another. The social context includes workplace, community, neighbors, and friends. The second context is technology. And as breakthrough technologies emerge, they break the old habits. The most dramatic technology breakthroughs in recent years are smart phones, internet and ecommerce. Online search and online ordering have dramatically impacted the way we shop and consumer products and services.
A third context that impacts consumption habits is rules and regulations especially related to public and shared spaces as well as deconsumption of unhealthy products. For example, consumption of smoking, alcohol, and firearms are regulated consumption by location. Of course, public policy can also encourage consumption of societally good products and services such as solar energy, electric cars, and mandatory auto and home insurance services and vaccines for children.
The fourth and less predictable context are the ad hoc natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, and global pandemics including the Covid-19 pandemic we are experiencing today. Similarly, there are regional conflicts, civil wars as well as truly global wars such as the World War II, cold war, and Great Depression of the late twenties and the Great Recession of 2008–2009. All of them significantly disrupted both consumption as well as production and supply chain. The focus of this paper is to examine both the immediate as well as the long-term impact of Covid-19 on consumption and consumer behavior.