International standards for drinking water
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The International Standards for drinking water which must be followed are: Fluoride: Deficiency of fluoride causes tooth decay in humans. Water fluoridation is a method which ensures controlled the addition of soluble fluoride to the drinking water supply to bring its concentration up to 1 ppm.
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Drinking water quality standards describes the quality parameters set for drinking water. Despite the truth that every human on this planet needs drinking water to survive and that water may contain many harmful constituents, there are no universally recognized and accepted international standards for drinking water.[1] Even where standards do exist, and are applied, the permitted concentration of individual constituents may vary by as much as ten times from one set of standards to another. The surveillance agency is responsible for an independent (external) and periodic review of all aspects of safety, whereas the water supplier is responsible at all times for regular quality control, for operational monitoring and for ensuring good operating practice. Guidelines for Water-Drinking Quality. This surveillance holds several water purification companies accountable when water doesn't meet quality standards. This method enforces all policies and encourages proper infrastructure, whether piped or unpiped, treatment plants, storage reservoirs and distribution systems.
Many developed countries specify standards to be applied in their own country. In Europe, this includes the European Drinking Water Directive[2] and in the United States the United States Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) establishes standards as required by the Safe Drinking Water Act. For countries without a legislative or administrative framework for such standards, the World Health Organization publishes guidelines on the standards that should be achieved.[3]China adopted its own drinking water standard GB3838-2002 (Type II) enacted by Ministry of Environmental Protection in 2002.[4]
Where drinking water quality standards do exist, most are expressed as guidelines or targets rather than requirements, and very few water standards have any legal basis or, are subject to enforcement.[5] Two exceptions are the European Drinking Water Directive and the Safe Drinking Water Act in the USA, which require legal compliance with specific standards.
In Europe, this includes a requirement for member states to enact appropriate local legislation to mandate the directive in each country. Routine inspection and, where required, enforcement is enacted by means of penalties imposed by the European Commission on non-compliant nations.
Countries with guideline values as their standards include Canada, which has guideline values for a relatively small suite of parameters, New Zealand, where there is a legislative basis, but water providers have to make "best endeavours" to comply with the standards,[6] and Australia.