international treaties of environmental protection
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Answer:
Historically, the timeline of treaties that are often identified as monumental in the formation of international environmental law include: the Stockholm Conference (1972), UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (“UNCLOS”) (1982), World Conference on Environment and Development (1987), UN Conference on Environment
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Treaties
Treaties govern many aspects of international environmental law. This section lists many of the most common multilateral treaties and indicates sources for locating treaties generally. There is also an online Glossary of Terms for Negotiators of Multilateral Environmental Agreements which is also in print at the Wolff Library. For more detailed information on researching treaties -- including treaty indexes, status, updating and ratification information -- see our Treaty Research guide.
There is another genre of international environmental agreements called soft law. The Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law INTL REF KZ1161 .P35 2009defines soft law as "A term used to refer to non-binding instruments or documents which have the appearance of law....While not legally binding, soft law can be politically influential in setting down objectives and aspirations." Documents constituting soft law can often be located on the websites of individual organizations. Examples of key soft law documents in international environmental law include Agenda 21: Programme of Action for Sustainable Development, the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, and the Forest Principles.
SELECTED ENVIRONMENTAL TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS
This list highlights some of the most frequently cited multilateral agreements related to the environment as there are many, many environmental treaties. See EISIL's International Environmental Law page for links to additional agreements.
Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
Convention of Biological Diversity
Biosafety Protocol (Cartagena Protocol)
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES)
Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses
Framework Convention on Climate Change
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL 73/78)
International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
Law of the Sea (LOS)
Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution
North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAFTA side agreement)
Ozone Treaties
Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPS)
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