Question

Invertebrate to vertebrate evolution of protein

Answer 1

Vertebrates and amphioxi share a number of significant characteristics including a dorsal tubular central nervous system with an anterior brain and extended spinal cord (Wicht and Lacalli 2005). Although the other group of invertebrate chordates, tunicates, are now considered to be the closest living relatives to the vertebrates based on phylogenomic analyses (Bourlat et al. 2006; Delsuc et al. 2006), amphioxi form a sister group with the rest of the chordates and in many ways provide a better model for the comparison of invertebrate protochordates with vertebrates (Louis et al. 2012). Several features of amphioxus including the body plan, arrangement of hox genes, synteny of neighboring genes and embryonic development are more similar to the vertebrates than those same characteristics in tunicates.

Answer 2

Answer:

एक जानवर की रीढ़ की हड्डी में कमी होती है, जैसे कि आर्थ्रोपॉड, मोलस्क, एनेलिड, कोलेनटेट, आदि। अकशेरुकी जंतु राज्य के एक कृत्रिम विभाजन का गठन करते हैं, जिसमें 95 पी शामिल हैं।