Question

is electromagnetic force can travel in vacuum. why

Answer 1

Electromagnetic waves differ from mechanical waves in that they do not require a medium to propagate. This means that electromagnetic wavescan travel not only through air and solid materials, but also through thevacuum of space. hope it helps dude

Answer 2

I first i would like to explain how a wave travels in a medium. we know that a wave is a disturbance and it has certain energy associated, so when this wave enters a medius it basically sets the particles of the medium to vibrate this vibration is passed from one particle to other thus the wave is transferred in a medium.

Now in care of a an Electromagnetic wave in a free-space/vacuum, as we know from the Maxwell's equations that a changing magnetic field produces an electric field and vice versa. EM wave requires no medium as electric fields and magnetic fields constantly generate each other as the wave propagates.