Question

Is it correct to say that an irreversible process degrades the performance of a thermodynamic
system and results in the increase of entropy of the system? Explain

Answer 1

Answer:

Equipotential lines are like contour lines on a map which trace lines of equal altitude. In this case the "altitude" is electric potential or voltage. Equipotential lines are always perpendicular to the electric field. In three dimensions, the lines form equipotential surfaces. Movement along an equipotential surface requires no work because such movement is always perpendicular to the electric field.

The electric field is always perpendicular to an equipotential surface.

Two equipotential surfaces can never intersect.

For a point charge, the equipotential surfaces are concentric spherical shells.

For a uniform electric field, the equipotential surfaces are planes normal to the x-axis

The direction of the equipotential surface is from high potential to low potential.

Inside a hollow charged spherical conductor the potential is constant. This can be treated as equipotential volume. No work is required to move a charge from the centre to the surface.

Explanation: