Question

is it essential to retain indigenous varieties when many hybrid varieties are available​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Hybrid crop varieties are often criticized by environmental NGOs (e.g. Navdanya in India; Arche Noah in Austria) for various reasons: seed to seed propagation is problematic; hybrids have high yields and are homogenous in pehnotype but require much input (fertilizers, pesticides etc.).
2. According to these NGOs hybrid varieties are also threatening agrobiodiversity because a few hybrid varieties outcompte a broad range of seed-to-seed varieties.
3. My current understanding is that hybrids are good for an industrialized (organic) agriculture but that non-industrial production conditions require different varieies growing under suboptimal/low input conditions.
4. Likely you have some good supllemental or contradicting knowledge on that issue.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Many crop varieties or species are restricted to specific geographical locations and are thought to be tough, resistant, and water-efficient, as well as having unique nutritional, aroma, and colour properties.

Currently, a wide range of indigenous crops is being steadily reduced owing to a number of factors. The extinction of indigenous crop types implies that agriculture cycles that have fed, nurtured, and sustained humans and other living forms for millennia would be disrupted. This also entails a loss of unique qualities that fulfil our specific nutritional needs in different parts of the world.

Many concerned people and organisations in India are attempting to preserve indigenous crop types. Debal Deb, for example, is working to conserve India's indigenous varieties, while Padma Shri Rahibai Soma Popere has 114 kinds of 53 crops that she has maintained using traditional methods. The Navdanya organisation is doing incredible work in the field of seed conservation.