Is it possible to convert liquid water to vapour below 100 degree celsius?
AbithPaarkavi2005:
can you mark me as brainliest please
Answers
Answered by
2
The boiling point of water is 100 degrees Celsius, it is the point where the H2O molecules no longer can remain in liquid state, but as I stated, an element or compound can exist in any state at any temperature.
I'm no physicist, but I'm pretty sure that water does not always have to be heated to its boiling point and turned to steam at 100ºC, in order for it to evaporate at all, into the atmosphere. Think how a puddle of water from a summer rain shower quickly evaporates and disappears (as the water is taken back into the atmosphere) once the Sun comes out again. Sure, if it was all turned to steam by being heated as high as 100ºC, then that would just mean that it would happen very much more quickly - natural evaporation (as part of "The Water Cycle") is simply a slower process, at lower temperatures. On a colder day the puddle would take longer to evaporate, as less heat from the Sun (which drives "The Water Cycle") would mean there was less molecular agitation (which facilitates the evaporation process) going on? Check out "The Water Cycle" on Wikipedia. Hopefully someone else can now please take over to explain the lower temperature evaporation/molecular exchange processes etc a bit more scientifically than I could manage..?!
W Boddy, Cambridge, UK
It's called "Brownian Motion". It means that the random jostling-about of water molecules in a body of water that's, say, 20 degrees, is just that; random. There's a spread of speed. If you could measure the speed of every molecule at one instant in time, som would be stationary (absolute zero), but others would be temporarily at boiling point. If they happen to "boil" while they are at the surface, they leave the surface, i.e. evaporate. That's why a puddle of water will evaporate much faster than the same quantity in a bottle at the same temperature - less surface area to escape from.
Paul Wright, Rochford
As I understand it the molecules in water move around as long as it is liquid. Those with the greatest energy near the surface can actually leave the water. Any wind would remove the fast moving molecule. The only significance of 100C is that it is the temperature that water exists as a vapour.
Graham Crutchley, Harare, Zimbabwe
Water turns into vapour at any temperature - it has a 'vapour pressure'. Indeed it does so even when it is ice, frozen washing actually slowly 'dries' on sub-zero windy days, and foods can be 'freeze dried'. The significance of 100C is that at this temperature the vapour pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure, and bubbles of vapour form in the liquid, rise and burst - boiling. Go up a mountain and it boils below 100C, because the pressure is lower - and it takes ages to cook things! So 100C has nonsignificance to weather; water vapour forms at any temperature, broadly by mechanisms described by others, fast molecules escaping from the surface.
Harvey Rutt, Southampton, UK
The movement of molecules in any liquid is not uniform and is represented in something called a Maxwell-Boltzman Distribution Curve. At any temperature there will be a large range of energies from just above absolute zero (never actually absolute zero) to very high. those particles with high energy gain it from taking energy from those around them (oversimplification) and will overcome the latent energy of vaporisation and evaporate, even at very low temperatures. This is why you get colder when wet, since the energy needed to evaporate is partly taken from your skin.
Stuart Sanders, London England
When you sweat, it evaporates to air without boiling. Sweat on your skin collects heat, called latent heat, from your body, and changes from liquid to gaseous state. The latent heat the sweat collects, 580 cal/gm of sweat, at the normal skin temperature (540 calories/gm of water at the boiling point), quite a large amount of heat or calories from your body and turns directly into vapor, so you feel cool when sweat evaporation. Similar is the case of water from water bodies, water collects that extra amount of heat from water bodies and environment and turns into vapor, cooling the surrounding atmosphere.
Jamil, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Short answer: they are not clouds of steam, only clouds of water droplets, so no problem. Hasn't the questioner even been in a fog on a cold day, particularly on top of a mountain (which is in a cloud)?
Roger Moreton, Oxford, United Kingdom
Everyone so far has forgotten to mention that water at ground level boils at 100 degrees Celsius, however as the temprature & pressure decreases with height above sea level to the boiling point of water also changes. Clouds are formed when warm moist air rises and cools, the result is that the water then condenses to form water droplets - a cloud.
I'm no physicist, but I'm pretty sure that water does not always have to be heated to its boiling point and turned to steam at 100ºC, in order for it to evaporate at all, into the atmosphere. Think how a puddle of water from a summer rain shower quickly evaporates and disappears (as the water is taken back into the atmosphere) once the Sun comes out again. Sure, if it was all turned to steam by being heated as high as 100ºC, then that would just mean that it would happen very much more quickly - natural evaporation (as part of "The Water Cycle") is simply a slower process, at lower temperatures. On a colder day the puddle would take longer to evaporate, as less heat from the Sun (which drives "The Water Cycle") would mean there was less molecular agitation (which facilitates the evaporation process) going on? Check out "The Water Cycle" on Wikipedia. Hopefully someone else can now please take over to explain the lower temperature evaporation/molecular exchange processes etc a bit more scientifically than I could manage..?!
W Boddy, Cambridge, UK
It's called "Brownian Motion". It means that the random jostling-about of water molecules in a body of water that's, say, 20 degrees, is just that; random. There's a spread of speed. If you could measure the speed of every molecule at one instant in time, som would be stationary (absolute zero), but others would be temporarily at boiling point. If they happen to "boil" while they are at the surface, they leave the surface, i.e. evaporate. That's why a puddle of water will evaporate much faster than the same quantity in a bottle at the same temperature - less surface area to escape from.
Paul Wright, Rochford
As I understand it the molecules in water move around as long as it is liquid. Those with the greatest energy near the surface can actually leave the water. Any wind would remove the fast moving molecule. The only significance of 100C is that it is the temperature that water exists as a vapour.
Graham Crutchley, Harare, Zimbabwe
Water turns into vapour at any temperature - it has a 'vapour pressure'. Indeed it does so even when it is ice, frozen washing actually slowly 'dries' on sub-zero windy days, and foods can be 'freeze dried'. The significance of 100C is that at this temperature the vapour pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure, and bubbles of vapour form in the liquid, rise and burst - boiling. Go up a mountain and it boils below 100C, because the pressure is lower - and it takes ages to cook things! So 100C has nonsignificance to weather; water vapour forms at any temperature, broadly by mechanisms described by others, fast molecules escaping from the surface.
Harvey Rutt, Southampton, UK
The movement of molecules in any liquid is not uniform and is represented in something called a Maxwell-Boltzman Distribution Curve. At any temperature there will be a large range of energies from just above absolute zero (never actually absolute zero) to very high. those particles with high energy gain it from taking energy from those around them (oversimplification) and will overcome the latent energy of vaporisation and evaporate, even at very low temperatures. This is why you get colder when wet, since the energy needed to evaporate is partly taken from your skin.
Stuart Sanders, London England
When you sweat, it evaporates to air without boiling. Sweat on your skin collects heat, called latent heat, from your body, and changes from liquid to gaseous state. The latent heat the sweat collects, 580 cal/gm of sweat, at the normal skin temperature (540 calories/gm of water at the boiling point), quite a large amount of heat or calories from your body and turns directly into vapor, so you feel cool when sweat evaporation. Similar is the case of water from water bodies, water collects that extra amount of heat from water bodies and environment and turns into vapor, cooling the surrounding atmosphere.
Jamil, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Short answer: they are not clouds of steam, only clouds of water droplets, so no problem. Hasn't the questioner even been in a fog on a cold day, particularly on top of a mountain (which is in a cloud)?
Roger Moreton, Oxford, United Kingdom
Everyone so far has forgotten to mention that water at ground level boils at 100 degrees Celsius, however as the temprature & pressure decreases with height above sea level to the boiling point of water also changes. Clouds are formed when warm moist air rises and cools, the result is that the water then condenses to form water droplets - a cloud.
Similar questions