................... is non protein substance which has no antigenic properties but no combining with protein can form a new antigen capable of forming antibodies
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Majority of antigens are proteins but some are carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. In this blog let us discuss the definition of immunogen, antigen, hapten, epitope, and adjuvant.
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A hapten is a non-protein material with no antigenic qualities, but when combined with a protein, it can create a new antigen capable of generating antibodies.
Explanation:
- Haptens are a structural category of antigens that can be peptides, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids, or even tiny chemical molecules with any of the above molecular structural components.
- They're called haptens because they're low-molecular-weight molecules that can specifically attach to antibodies but can't induce antibody production themselves; in other words, they're antigenic but not immunogenic.
- Adaptive or acquired immunity is immunity that develops as a person is exposed to antigens, as opposed to innate immunity, which develops at birth.
- Antigens interact with a group of proteins termed antibodies produced by B cells in the blood to produce acquired immunity.
- There are several antibodies, each of which is unique to a distinct type of antigen.
- The exact binding of antigens to antibodies is responsible for the immune response in acquired immunity.
- Antigens and antibodies interact through complementary binding regions called epitopes in antigens and paratopes in antibodies, however only a small portion of the antigens and antibody molecules actually interact.
Hence, haptens are non-protein substances which are antigenic but not immunogenic.
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