Question

is seismic waves transverse or longitudinal?

Answer 1

For seismic waves through the bulk material longitudinal or compressional waves are called P-waves (for "primary" waves) whereas the transverse waves are called S waves ("secondary" waves). Since any material, solid or liquid (fluid) is subject to compression, the P waves can travel through any kind of material

Answer 2

Seismic waves can be either transfer or longitudinal waves.