Question

Isopropyl alcohol is treated with Lucas reagent to form

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

The Lucas test in alcohols is a test to differentiate between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols. It is based on the difference in reactivity of the three classes of alcohols with hydrogen halides via an SN1 reaction:[3]

ROH + HCl → RCl + H2O

The differing reactivity reflects the differing ease of formation of the corresponding carbocations. Tertiary carbocations are far more stable than secondary carbocations, and primary carbocations are the least stable.

An equimolar mixture of ZnCl2 and HCl is the reagent. The alcohol is protonated, the H2O group formed leaves, forming a carbocation, and the nucleophile Cl− (which is present in excess) readily attacks the carbocation, forming the chloroalkane. Tertiary alcohols react immediately with Lucas reagent as evidenced by turbidity owing to the low solubility of the organic chloride in the aqueous mixture. Secondary alcohols react within five or so minutes (depending on their solubility). Primary alcohols do not react appreciably with Lucas reagent at room temperature.[3] Hence, the time taken for turbidity to appear is a measure of the reactivity of the class of alcohol, and this time difference is used to differentiate among the three classes of alcohols:

Lucas' reagent is a solution of anhydrous zinc chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid. This solution is used to classify alcohols of low molecular weight. The reaction is a substitution in which the chloride replaces a hydroxyl group.

The reason why the Lucas' reagent doesn't react with primary alcohols is because primary alcohols do not form (if at all) stable carbocations. ... While, tertiary and secondary alcohols form stable carbocations, that's why they both react with Lucas' agent to form corresponding alkyl halides.

Answer 2

Isopropyl alcohol is treated with Lucas reagent to form Isopropyl chloride or 2-chloropropane.

Explanation:

• Luca's reagent is the solution of anhydrous zinc chloride and conc. Hydrochloric acid.
• Lucas test is conducted to differentiate between primary secondary and tertiary alcohol.
• The alcohol when reacted with Concentrated hydrochloric Acid in the presence of anhydrous zinc chloride a turbid solution of chloroalkane and water is formed.
• The time at which turbidity appears is the test for different classes of alcohols.
• Isopropyl alcohol when reacted with Lucas reagent it forms 2-chloropropane and water.

The reaction is as follows -

CH₃CHOHCH₃ + HCl -----> CH₃CHClCH₃ + H₂0

• Isopropyl alcohol is secondary alcohol that will show less and delayed turbidity after reaction with Lucas reagent.

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