Question

It is a matter of chance whether a couple will have a male or a female child. Justify this statement by drawing a flow chart.

Answer 1

A male has XY sex chromosomes, while a female has XX sex chromosomes.
Parent Line------------------XY * XX
Gametes --------------------X Y * X X
F 1 generation -------------XX  XY 

Whatever maybe the gender of the child the mother contributes only the X chromosome. If the X chromosome of the father fuses, then the baby born is a girl. If the Y chromosome  of the father fuses, then the baby born is a boy. 

Hence it is a matter of chance whether the baby born is a girl or a boy.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Sex of the child is determined at time of fertilization when male and female gametes fuse to form zygote. The females have a pair of XX chromosomes and produce gametes with equal number of chromosomes. Whereas males have a pair if XY chromosomes so half of gametes possess X chromosome and half have Y chromosome. But when a sperm carrying X chromo-some, child born will be a girl. However, if a sperm carrying Y chromosome, fertilises an ocum which carries X chromosome, then fertilises an ovum which carries X chromosome, child born will be a boy. So sperm determines the sex of the child.