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Answer 1

Answer:

The two organelles containing their own genetic material are mitochondria and plastids.

Mitochondria are sites of respiration in the cell. They are called the cell's engine since they synthesize ATP compounds rich in energy. The Cell uses the energy contained in ATP.

Plastids present in the plant cells have their own genome (DNA). They reproduce themselves (they possess the ability to divide).

Except for RBCs & Bacteria species, mitochondria occurs in plant and animal cells. They seem to be colorless. Plastid is a double membrane-bound organelle involved in food synthesis and storage, typically found in photosynthetic plant cells.

A plastid containing chlorophyll which is a green pigment is called chloroplast whereas a plastid containing pigments is called a chromoplast apart from green color. A plastid deficient in pigments is called a leucoplast and is primarily used in food storage.

ATP is the cell's "currency" of chemical energy that drives the metabolic activities of the cell. This mechanism is called aerobic respiration, which is the reason for oxygen-breathing by animals. Without mitochondria, there would probably be no higher animals because their cells could only receive energy from anaerobic respiration, a method far less effective than aerobic respiration. In reality, mitochondria enable cells to generate 15 times more ATP than they could otherwise, and to survive complex organisms, including humans, need large quantities of energy.