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Que. 22 Explain following reactions.
a) Sandmeyer reaction
b) Wurtz reaction
c) lodoform reaction 126
d) Fittig reaction
e) Frankland reaction
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(a) Sandmeyer reaction →
It is used to synthesize aryl halides from aryl diazonium salts. It is an example of a radical-nucleophilic aromatic substitution.
When a primary aromatic amine, dissolved or suspended in cold aqueous mineral acid, is treated with sodium nitrite, a diazonium salt is formed. Mixing the solution of freshly prepared diazonium salt with cuprous chloride or cuprous bromide results in the replacement of the diazonium group by −Cl or −Br.
C6H5−NH2NaNO2+HX273−278KC6H5−N2+X−⎩⎪⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎪⎧CuClCuBrCuCNC6H5−ClC6H5−BrC6H5−CN
b) Wurtz's Fittig reaction →
A mixture of an alkyl halide and aryl halide gives an alkylarene when treated with sodium in dry ether and is called Wurtz-Fittig reaction.
C6H5−X+Na+R−XEtherC6H5
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