Italy had a long history of political fragmentation
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Answer: Italy had a long history of political fragmentation as IItaly was divided into seven states and Italians were scattered over several dynasties as well as the multi-national Habsburg Empire. Only Sardinia-Piedmont was ruled by an Italian princely house. Else the whole of Italy was ruled by small monarchies.
Like Germany, Italy too had a long history of political fragmentation. Italians were scattered over several dynastic states as well as the multi-national Habsburg Empire. During the middle of the nineteenth century, Italy was divided into seven states, of which only one, Sardinia-Piedmont, was ruled by an Italian princely house. The north was under Austrian Habsburgs, the centre was ruled by the Pope and the southern regions were under the domination of the Bourbon kings of Spain. Even the Italian language had not acquired one common form and still had many regional and local variations.