Question

IV. Answer in detail.
1. Describe how British rule resulted in th decline of the Indian industry.
2. Describe the beginning of industrialisation India during the colonial period, citing an two industries as examples.
3. What was the result of the industrialisation of India


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Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:1 ans. The main reason for the decline of India’s renowned handicraft industry was the introduction of “Discriminatory Tariff Policy” by the colonial government. This policy allowed-

1) Free export of raw materials from India or at cheap rates which were to be used in the upcoming modern industries in Britain.

Import of British goods in India at very low prices and heavy duty was imposed on export of Indian handicrafts.

2)As a result, Indian markets were full of finished goods from Britain which were of low and affordable prices. It led to the decline of Indian handicrafts both at the infernational and domestic market. This two-fold policy was ensured to ensure the maximum advantage of their home country.

3 ans .The industrial revolution entered India in 1854 when Bombay opened its first steam-powered cotton mill in Asia. Initially, the growth was slow, and the expansion of these modernised cotton mills was not done until the 1870s and 1880s. India now has the world's sixth-largest economy.

Industrialisation provides greater opportunities for employment in small and large scale industries. In an industrial economy, industry absorbs underemployed and unemployed farmworkers, thus increasing community income.

It also helps in overcoming deterioration in terms of trade, bringing technological progress and providing the necessary elements for strengthening the economy.

Outcomes of Industrial Policy, 1991

Answer 2

Answer:

1. To safeguard the British cotton industry, Indian silk and cotton textile were destroyed with imposition of very heavy duty on the Indian goods, promotion of British machine-made article at cheaper rate. The industrial revolution (1760-1830) in Britain and other European countries was also responsible for de-industrialision of India.

2. so sorry don't know this one

3. Tea became the biggest plantation industry in Assam, bengal, and South India that it topped the world Market and England became it's biggest buyer. Other industries like cotton,jute, iron and steel developed at a fast rate. With the passage of time cement, chemical etc industries also developed. but we had to import machinery from abroad

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I was reading the same chapter what a coincidence