iv) Four reasons for the discontent that led to the 1857 War of
Independence.
Answers
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Answer:
(i)Political Causes
(ii)Social Causes
(iii)Military Causes
(iv)Economic Causes
Explanation:
(i) The Doctrine of Lapse policy which meant that if an Indian ruler didnt have a biological son, he wasnt allowed to adopt any son to become his succesor. The kingdom would be annexed to the British. Many states were annexed due to this policy. This created a feeling of insecurity, resentment and anger among the Indian Rulers. The muslims were unhappy and resented them as after the death of Bahadur Shah the second, rulers wouldnt enjoy the title of Raja. Furthermore, they would have to leave the Red fort. This created more anger and inspired Indians to revolt against them. Several other policies also led to discontent such as Annexed Misgovernment in which the British would annex the empire on the pretext of misgovernment. They also behaved as if they were more superior to Indians and insulted them too.
(ii) The British interfered in their social set up and made changes to various customary practices such as abolition of Sati, forbidding child marriage and banning girl child infanticide. This caused anger among the Hindus. They violently criticised non-christians. They offered them good jobs to make them convert to christianity. Introduction of railways also meant that untouchables would travel in the same compartment and the orthodox Hindus took it as an attempt to defame their religion. Lands for temples and Mosques were confiscated hurting them. Gov. Schools started teaching Christianity.
(iii) Promotions in military was closed for Indians. Salary was higher for british and the extra allowance given during war to Indians was withdrawn. Indians were sent across the sea which was banned as per Hindu Beliefs causing more discontentment.
(iv) Economic Exploitation was the primary cause of unrest of Indians. Duties were abolished for British Goods and Heavy duty was imposed on Indian Goods. It was a market of raw material for England goods. India's wealth drained away slowly as the British officials got a princely salary. Indian states were required to pay heavy costs to maintain the company's forces and This money was sent to England as savings.
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Its a bit long, mainly because of the explanation but this is it!
The immediate cause which played the most important role was the Mangal Pandey Incident. If you want that, please comment down below and I will do the needful!
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