(iv) The polyatomic ion 'Sulphate has
a) Sulphur and Hydrogen atoms.
c) Two Sulphur and two Oxygen
b) Sulphur and Ouygen atoms
d) Sulphate' ion is SO. who say correct answer they will get like ♥️5star⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
Answers
Answer:
In this article, we will discuss polyatomic ions. The prefix poly- means many, so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom. This differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions, which contain only one atom. Examples of monatomic ions include \text{Na}^+Na
+
start text, N, a, end text, start superscript, plus, end superscript, \text{Fe}^{3+}Fe
3+
start text, F, e, end text, start superscript, 3, plus, end superscript, \text{Cl}^-Cl
−
start text, C, l, end text, start superscript, minus, end superscript, and many, many others. This article assumes you have a knowledge of basic monatomic ions as well as the conventions for naming ionic compounds and writing their chemical formulas.
Explanation:
We can think about polyatomic ions by comparing them to monatomic ions. A monatomic ion is an atom that has been ionized by gaining or losing electrons. The ion has a net charge because the total number of electrons is not balanced by the total number of protons in the nucleus. Thus, compared to the neutral atom, we have extra electrons—in the case of a negatively charged anion—or not enough electrons—in the case of a positively charged cation. For example, a neutral chlorine atom has an atomic number of 17, which means it has 17 protons and 17 electrons. The neutral atom will sometimes gain an extra electron to become the chloride anion, \text{Cl}^-Cl
−
start text, C, l, end text, start superscript, minus, end superscript:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~\blueD{\text{Cl}}~~~+~~~e^-~~~\rightarrow~~~ \purpleC{\text{Cl}^-} Cl + e
−
→ Cl
−
space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, start color #11accd, start text, C, l, end text, end color #11accd, space, space, space, plus, space, space, space, e, start superscript, minus, end superscript, space, space, space, right arrow, space, space, space, start color #aa87ff, start text, C, l, end text, start superscript, minus, end superscript, end color #aa87ff
~~~~\blueD{17\,\text{electrons}}~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\purpleC{18\,\text{electrons}} 17electrons 18electronsspace, space, space, space, start color #11accd, 17, start text, e, l, e, c, t, r, o, n, s, end text, end color #11accd, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, start color #aa87ff, 18, start text, e, l, e, c, t, r, o, n, s, end text, end color #aa87ff
~~~~~17\,\text{protons}~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~17\,\text{protons} 17protons 17protonsspace, space, space, space, space, 17, start text, p, r, o, t, o, n, s, end text, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, 17, start text, p, r, o, t, o, n, s, end text
After gaining an electron, the chloride anion has 17 protons and 18 electrons. Since there is one extra electron compared to the number of protons, the ion has a net charge of 1-.
Similarly, we can think of a polyatomic ion as a molecule that has been ionized by gaining or losing electrons. In a polyatomic ion, the group of covalently bonded atoms carries a net charge because the total number of electrons in the molecule is not equal to the total number of protons in the molecule. When drawing Lewis dot structures, the overall charge on a polyatomic ion is equal to the sum of the formal charges on each atom in the ion