जीपीएस मॉडरेटर इज नॉट प्रेजेंट इन ए न्यूक्लियर रिएक्टर विल बी एस एन आउट ऑफ बॉक्स इट इस ट्रू ओर फॉल्स फॉल्स
Answers
Explanation:
A nuclear reactor or nuclear power plant consists of nuclear reactor fuel, ... In a nuclear power reactor, the energy released is used as heat to make ... It is assumed that these were not unique worldwide.
Answer:
What is Heavy Water?
Heavy Water (D2O) or deuterium oxide is made up of two atoms of deuterium and one atom of oxygen. Deuterium is a stable isotope of hydrogen with double the mass of hydrogen due to presence of an extra neutron in its nucleus. Deuterium is present in hydrogen and hydrogen bearing compounds like water, hydrocarbons, etc. and has a small natural occurrence (D/D+H) of about 140 to 160 ppm. The same is extracted and enriched to > 99.85 mass % IP used in Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWRs).
What is the use of Heavy Water?
Heavy Water displays similar physical and chemical properties but differs in nuclear properties when compared to ordinary water which makes it an extremely efficient material for use as moderator and coolant in Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWRs).
What is Moderator?
Moderator is required in a Nuclear reactor to slow down the neutrons produced during the fission reaction so that the chain reaction can be sustained. Heavy Water is an excellent moderator due to its high moderating ratio and low absorption cross section for neutrons.
What is Coolant?
Heat energy produced in the core of reactor due to fission reaction is required to be carried away by a coolant. Heavy Water is used as a primary coolant to transport heat generated by the fission reaction to secondary coolant, light water. The light water takes the heat energy from Heavy Water and generates steam at an appropriate pressure for running steam turbines. Steam turbines drive generators to generate Electricity.
Is Heavy Water Radio active?
No, Heavy Water is not radioactive. It is oxide of deuterium (D2O) which is stable isotope of hydrogen.
When & why it is said that there is radio activity in Heavy Water used in nuclear power stations?
Few Deuterium in Heavy Water gets converted to Tritium by absorbing a neutron in nuclear reactor. Tritium is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen having two neutrons in the nucleus. Further, some of the ionic impurities that are carried by heavy water as moderator or coolant also get activated in course of irradiation. Hence the radio activity is observed in Heavy Water used in Nuclear reactors.
Is Heavy Water harmful to health?
A small quantity of heavy water is not harmful to human health. In fact, human body contains few grams of Heavy Water as natural abundance. Small quantities of Heavy Water have been used in clinical studies and treatment in infants, lactating women and adults without any reported adverse effect. Toxic effects of Heavy Water begin to appear only when deuterium content of body fluids exceeds 20%, which is the most unlikely event.
What is Deuterium Depleted Water?
Water containing Deuterium less than its natural abundance ( < 125 ppm) is called Deuterium Depleted Water. It is getting popularized as adjuvant therapy for cancer.
Can Heavy Water get degraded?
Heavy Water has greater affinity for Light Water and can get degraded in its IP if it comes in contact with Light Water in any form. It can readily absorb light water present in air as moisture.
Is there any fixed life for Heavy Water?
There is no fixed life for Heavy Water.