Question

Jack Grubman was a powerful man on Wall Street. As a star analyst of telecom companies for the Salomon Smith Barney unit of Citigroup, his recommendations carried a lot of weight with investors. For years Grubman had been negative on the stock of AT&T. But in November 1999, he upgraded his opinion on the stock. Based on e-mail evidence, it appears that Grubman's decision to upgrade AT&T wasn't based on the stock's fundamentals. There were other factors involved. At the time, his boss at Citigroup, Sanford Weill, was in the midst of a power struggle with co_CEO John Reed to become the single head of the company. Meanwhile, Salomon was looking for additional business to increase its revenues. Getting investment banking business fees from AT&T would be a big plus toward improving revenues. And Salomon's efforts at getting that AT&T business would definitely be improved if Grubman would upgrade his opinion on the stock. Furthermore, Weill sought Grubman's upgrade to win favor with AT&T CEO Michael Armstrong, who sat on Citigroup's board. Weill wanted Armstrong's backing in his efforts to oust Reed. Grubman had his own concerns. Although he was earning tens-of-millions a year in his job, he was a man of modest background. He was the son of a city worker in Philadelphia. He wanted the best for his twin daughters, which included entry to an exclusive New York City nursery school-a school daughter. Weill made a call on Grubman's behalf to the school and pledged a $1 million donation from Citigroup. At approximately the same time, Weill also asked Grubman to "take a fresh look" at his neutral rating on AT&T. Shortly after being asked to review his rating, Grubman turned positive, raised his rating, and AT&T awarded Salmon an investment-banking job worth nearly $45 million. Source: Based on D. Kadlec, "Did Sandy Play Dirty?" Time Online Edition, November 25, 2002.
a)List all the stakeholders that could have been affected by what transpired here.
b)Did Sanford Weill do anything unethical?
c)How about Jack Grubman?​

Answer 1

Answer:

mechanics, the universal force of attraction acting between all matter. ... On Earth all bodies have a weight, or downward force of gravity, proportional to their mass, which Earth's mass exerts on them. Gravity is measured by the acceleration that it gives to freely falling objects.