Question

James lovelock used the"Daisy World Model"to illustrate how the biosphere is capable of regulating its environment research and write a 50 to 100 words report with illustrate) on the "Daisy world model"of James lovelock.

Answer 1

The Daisyworld model created by Andrew Watson and James Lovelock (1983, Tellus, v. 35B, p. 284-289) is a wonderful example of a self-regulating system incorporating positive and negative feedbacks. The model consists of a planet on which black and white daisies are growing. The growth of these daisies is governed by a parabolic shaped growth function regulated by planetary temperature and is set to zero for temperatures less than 5 ºC or greater than 40 ºC and optimized at 22.5 ºC. The model explores the effect of a steadily increasing solar luminosity on the growth of daisies and the resulting planetary temperature. The growth function for the daisies allows them to modulate the planet's temperature for many years, warming it early on as black daisies grow, and cooling it later as white daisies grow. Eventually, the solar luminosity increases beyond the daisies' capability to modulate the temperature and they die out, leading to a rapid rise in the planetary temperature. Students read Watson and Lovelock's original paper, and then use STELLA to create their own Daisyworld model with which they can experiment. Experiments include changing the albedos of the daisies, changing their death rates, and changing the rate at which energy is conducted from one part of the planet to another. In all cases, students keep track of daisy populations and of planetary temperature over time

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Answer 2

Andrew Watson and James Lovelock's Daisyworld model is a brilliant example of a self-regulating system that combines both positive and negative feedback effects.

• The model depicts a planet with black and white daisies flourishing on it.
• The growth of these daisies is guided by a parabolic-shaped growth function that is influenced by temperature and is set to zero for temperatures less than 5 degrees celsius or greater than 40 degrees celsius, with 22.5 degrees celsius being the optimal temperature.
• The model investigates the impact of continuously rising solar light on daisy growth and, as a result, planetary temperature.
• Daisyworld's sun is a variable star with abrupt changes in solar output, which affects Daisyworld's temperature.
• The daisies' growth function allows them to control the temperature of the planet for many years, warming it early on as black daisies grow and cooling it later as white daisies grow.
• The Daisyworld model is meant to be a conceptual representation of how life could be able to govern climate without using selection pressure.
• Later additions of the Daisyworld simulation, which incorporated rabbits, foxes, and certain other species, revealed an unexpected result: the greater the number of species, the greater the positive benefits on the entire planet.