Jharkhand ke varno par Prakash dalen
Answers
Explanation:
Stone tools have been discovered from Chota Nagpur plateau region which is from Mesolithic and Neolithic period.[9] There are ancient cave paintings in Isko, Hazaribagh district which are from Meso-chalcolithic period (9,000-5,000 BC).[10] In Kabra-Kala mound at the confluence of Son and North Koel river in Palamu district various antiquities and art objects have found which are from Neolithic to the medieval period and the pot-sherds of Redware, black and red ware, black ware, black slipped ware and NBP ware are from Chalcolithic to the late medieval period.[19] Several iron slags, microliths, and potsherds have been discovered from Singhbhum district which are from 1400 BCE according to carbon dating age.[11] The region was ruled by many empires and dynasties including Maurya, Gupta, Gauda, Pala, Nagvanshi, Ramgarh Raj, Raksel and Chero.
The Parasnath Jain temple at Shikharji, considered to be the nirvana land of twenty Jain Tirthankars.
During the age of Mahajanpadas around 500 BC, Jharkhand state was a part of Magadha and Anga[citation needed]. In the Mauryan period, this region was ruled by a number of states, which were collectively known as the Atavika (forest) states. These states accepted the suzerainty of the Maurya empire during Ashoka's reign (c. 232 BCE). Samudragupta, while marching through the present-day Chotanagpur region, directed the first attack against the kingdom of Dakshina Kosala in the Mahanadi valley.[20] In the 7th century, Chinese traveller Xuanzang passed through the region. He described the kingdom as Karnasuvarna and Shashanka as its ruler. To the north of Karn-Suberna was Magadha, Champa was in east, Mahendra in the west and Orissa in the south.[21]
The ancient Baidyanath Jyotirlinga Temple in Deoghar
During medieval period, the region ruled by Chero and Nagvanshi ruler. The Mughal influence reached Palamu during the reign of Emperor Akbar when it was invaded by Raja Mansingh in 1574. Several invasion took place during Mughal rule.[22] During region of Nagvanshi King Madhu Singh, Akbar' general invaded Khukhra. Also there was invasion during region of Durjan Sal.[23]
Palamu Forts
The King Medini Ray, ruled from 1658 to 1674 in Palamau.[24] His rule extended to areas in South Gaya and Hazaribagh. He attacked Navratangarh and defeated the Nagvanshi Maharaja of Chhotanagpur.[25] The Chero rule in Palamu region lasted till 19th CE, until internal conflict between various factions weakened the Cheros and they were defeated by the East India Company. Later Palamu estate was sold by the British.[26]
Navratangarh fort
Region under Kings of Chero dynasty, Nagvanshi dynasty and Ramgarh became parts of territories of East India Company.
The subjugation and colonisation of Jharkhand region by the British East India Company resulted in spontaneous resistance from the local people. The first revolt against the British East India Company was led by Raghunath Mahato, in 1769.[27]
In 1771, the revolt against the landlords and the British government was led by Tilka Manjhi, a Paharia leader in Rajmahal Hills. Soon after in 1779, the Bhumij tribes rose in arms against the British rule in Manbhum. In 1807, the Oraons in Barway murdered their landlord from Srinagar. Munda tribe rose in revolt in 1811 and 1813. Bakhtar Say and Mundal Singh, two landowners, fought against the British East India company in 1812. [28]
The Princely states in Chota Nagpur Plateau, came within the sphere of influence of the Maratha Empire, but they became tributary states of British East India Company as a result of the Anglo-Maratha Wars known as Chota Nagpur Tributary States.[29]
The Hos in Singhbhum revolted in 1820, Kol revolt in 1832 West Bengal.