joint family is disintegration in this modern world give your views for or against of having a joint family in modern world
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system in India has undergone both structural and functional changes. The joint family system in India has been disrupted due to several factors. As Kapadia has pointed out, “with the advent of the British, a transformation of the cultural pattern became inevitable by virtue of new economic organisation, ideology and administrative system the British brought with the Indian
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Capitalism in the economic field, liberalism in the ideological domain and the principle of equality in the social and political system became the order of the day”. The emergence of capitalist economy and the spread of liberalism as indicated by him have challenged the sentiments maintaining joint family.
In the second half of the nineteenth century a new beginning was made in the means of transport and communication system. Means of rapid communication brought remotest parts of the country close to each other. Vast areas were spanned by road, railways, bridges and telegraph.
The rural economy became more and more market oriented instead of remaining self-sufficient. Cities and towns began to rise. Western type of education followed a bureaucratic organisation. This process of socioeconomic change of nineteenth century and various social legislations deep affected the traditional joint family system in India.
Causes of Disintegration of Joint Family:
The causes responsible for the disintegration of the joint family system are as follows.
1. Industrialisation:
With the advent of the British in India a process of industrialisation started which brought about far-reaching changes in the Indian social and economic life. Industrialisation resulted in the flow of rural population to the urban areas.
People moved from rural areas to urban areas for jobs and a better standard of living breaking their relationships with the joint family. Thus, modern industries shattered the very foundation of joint family system in India.
The geographical mobility of some of the members of joint family has affected the traditional structure of the joint family as well as the relations among the members. Jobs in the factory have freed young men from direct dependence upon their families and from the control of the heads of the households. Hence, industrialisation has created a new socio-psychological setting in which the survival of traditional joint family has become difficult.
2. Urbanisation:
Along with the process of industrialisation, the process of urbanisation has resulted in the weakening of the joint family system in India.
Joint family in the true sense means a group of people belonging to the same line of descent staying together as one unit. the Genesis of the system dates back to the feudal system prevalent during the aryan period. it provided an effective way to combat natural calamities, and protection from the onslaught of enemies '. it was like an umbrella, protecting the old and the infirm, demonstrating the concept of 'strength in unity' however, such a family system has outlived it's use in the present day context.
a joint family system is neither plausible nor practical now. the reasons are obvious. increasing population, in rural areas made it difficult for people to subsist on the marginal land , compelling them to migrate to cities and towns in search of employment. this led to the emergence of nuclear families in cities. however , economic compulsions have now led to the joint family crumbling in the villages , as people are getting more ambitious and materialistic s.
education and growth opportunities have also made people move away from a joint, family system. this was because such a system thrived under an authoritarianism setup , where the family head took all the decisions. it stunts the aspiration of youth and becomes an impediment in their progress. in the age where enterprise , initiative and idea command a premium, a joint family system is a hindrance and of no relevance.
such a family system is also socially impractical. the society today has become one great family, where there is tremendous opportunity for people from different castes and creed. the crumbling boundaries have resulted in more and more intercaste marriages taking place. this was possible only in an open society with complete freedom of thought and action. the nuclear families have also away with internal squables and mutual respect has also increased for 'absence makes the heart grow fonder'.
indeed the joint family system is a misfit and has lost its relevance in the modern age. it is no longer possible to live in such a system, which is completely out of tune with time, where there is emphasis on excellence and not consensus.