Question

Justify in 3 examples
How does land use pattern change in cultural society

Answer 1

Answer:

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#Brainlist me

Explanation:

Natural ecosystem services are those products and functions that contribute to humankind and other living organisms’ survival while also improving the quality of human life [1]. The ecosystem services include food production, hydrology adjustment, climate regulation, biodiversity maintenance, gas regulation, waste treatment, erosion control, and entertainment [2–5]. The provision of ecosystem services is directly affected by land use [6–8]. However, because of population and economic growth, urban sprawl, and the quick expansion of industrial and agricultural activities, land use has experienced enormous changes worldwide over the past half century, from forest, grassland, and wetland to arable and building land. These changes have caused natural ecosystems to continuously be altered, destroyed, and diminished [4, 6, 9–14]. Because of the increasingly imbalanced provision of economic and natural ecosystems, the effects of land use changes on ecosystem services and their economic value have become a focus of concern for scientists, policymakers, and stakeholders over the last decade [15, 16].

Quantitative assessment of the effects of land use changes on the value of ecosystem services is one of the research focuses of sustainable development in science [17, 18]. Many scholars have conducted studies in different countries, regions, and basins since the 1990s [19, 20]. The effects of coastal erosion on the value of ecosystem services in Europe were quantitatively evaluated with the result that the loss of ecosystem service values was a 23 million decrease from 1975 to 2006 [21]. In Chachalacas of Mexico, due to increased urban sprawl and the decrease of grasslands and croplands from 1995 to 2006, the net loss of ecosystem service value (US 2006/ha/year) was approximately [4]. Rapid land use changes in Uruguay over the past 20 years, from grassland to plantations, had seriously affected the provision of ecosystem services [22]. The analysis of land use changes and their consequent changes in ecosystem services value in the Huairou reservoir basin in China showed that in 2008 the ecosystem services value had increased 2.88% compared with that in 1990 [20]. These studies offer theories and explore land use options and the sustainable development of ecosystems in these areas.

The small Sanjiang plain is one of the most important commodity grain production bases in China. Agriculture is the leading industry in the region, and its major functions are food production and the provision of jobs and income for the local rural population [23]. The expansion of cropland in response to economic needs has been the main driver of agriculture in the region [24, 25]. A rapid expansion of agricultural activities has caused an enormous change in land use in the small Sanjiang plain in the past 30 years, from a mass of forest, grassland, and wetland to farmland [26, 27], resulting in natural ecosystems being altered and destroyed and many ecological problems such as soil erosion, nonpoint source pollution, the decrease of soil fertility, and a decline in biodiversity [28–30]. Currently, the imbalanced provision of economic and ecosystem services that is a main restricted factor in social and economic sustainable development has become an issue of increasing concern in the small Sanjiang plain.

The main goals of this study are to assess land use changes in the small Sanjiang plain from 1980 to 2010 and to evaluate the effects of these changes regarding ecosystem services. We used the value of ecosystem services to estimate the effects of regional land use changes associated with agricultural development that has occurred over the past 30 years (1980–2010).