Justify the statement in detail- The Civil Administrative Reforms laid the foundation for the Indian Civil Services.[British Chapter]
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In India's parliamentary democracy, the ultimate responsibility for running the administration rests with the people's elected representatives—cabinet ministers. But a handful of ministers cannot be expected to deal personally with the manifold problems of modern administration. Thus, the ministers lay down the policy and it is for the civil servants, who serve at the pleasure of the President of India, to carry it out. However, Article 311 of the constitution protects them from politically motivated or vindictive action.
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The Indian Civil Service (ICS), for part of the 19th century[citation needed] officially known as the Imperial Civil Service, was the elite higher civil service of the British Empire in British India during British rule in the period between 1858 and 1947.
Its members ruled over more than 200 million people[1] in the British Raj. They were ultimately responsible for overseeing all government activity in the
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