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1) climate is the weather conditions prevailing in a particular area over a long period of time.
2) the Indian climate is always monsoon type of climate with slight change in various places.
3) an effect whereby a mass moving in a rotating system experiences a force (the Coriolis force ) acting perpendicular to the direction of motion and to the axis of rotation. On the earth, the effect tends to deflect moving objects to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern and is important in the formation of cyclonic weather systems.
4) monsoon is derived from an Arabic word, mausim....menacing season.
5) Temperature in Drass, located 10,760 feet above sea level, regularly dips below –30°C, the lowest among India's inhabited places. The coldest is Oymyakon in Russia
1) intertropical convergence zone
2)
Jet streams are currents of air high above the Earth. They move eastward at altitudes of about 8 to 15 kilometers (5 to 9 miles). They form where large temperature differences exist in the atmosphere. An air current is a flowing movement of air within a larger body of air.
3) southern oscillation is an irregularly periodic variation in winds and sea surface temperatures over the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean, affecting the climate of much of the tropics and subtropics. The warming phase of the sea temperature is known as El Nino and the cooling phase as La Nina.
4)El nino phenomena is the warming up phase of the Pacific Ocean. It affects the climate of the tropics and subtropics.
5) 1.During October and November, the south-west monsoon winds become weaker and start retreating.
2. The retreat of the monsoon is marked by clear skies and an increase in mercury level in the northern plains.
3. This increase in temperature along with high level of humidity is termed as ‘October heat’.
4. At this time, the low pressure conditions shift to the Bay of Bengal giving rise to cyclonic depressions. These cyclonic depressions often result in the destruction of life and property generally on the eastern and southern coasts.
1) The climate of any particular place is influenced by a host of interacting factors. These include latitude, elevation, nearby water, ocean currents, topography, vegetation, and prevailing winds.
2)
Many factors like location , altitude , distance from the Sea, general relief produce regional variation in pattern of winds, temperature and rainfall.
The example given below illustrate the climatic differences:
i) Temperature:
Barmer( Rajasthan) has recorded the highest the temperature 50° C in summer and 15° C at night while hilly region like Gulmarg( Kashmir) have a day temperature of 20°C in June.
The winter temperatures at Dras & Kargil (Leh)
drops as low as - 45°C on the other hand Chennai may record only 20°C in December.
The annual range of temperature is about 12°C at Cochin while it is about 40°C in Punjab. Coastal regions have almost uniform temperature throughout the year.
ii) Rainfall:
The striking differences are found in rainfall pattern. Mawsynram (Meghalaya) annual rainfall of 1140 CM is the rainiest place in the world while Jaisalmer( Rajasthan) rarely gets more than 12 centimetre of annual rainfall and Leh gets only 10 cm rainfall.
The Western Coastal plain gets rain Storms while the Coromandel coast remains dry. when the Brahmaputra valley is submerged in floods it brings drought in Bihar
iii) Monsoons:
The dates of onset and withdrawal of monsoon differ in various parts. The West Coast get monsoon in the first week of June while interior parts like Punjab the monsoon by the first week of July.
iv) Seasons:
The southern part of the country have uniformly high temperature throughout the year. There is no winter season in the south. on the other hand seasonal extremes are found in the north. In Summer Heat wave is produced called Loo where as a cold wave is felt in winter.
3) The local wind of summer is called loo. The loo is strong, dusty, hot and dry summer wind from the west. It is especially strong in the months of May and June. Since it cause extremely low humidity and high temperatures
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