Question

Lactic acid production has occurred in the athlete while running in the 400

m race. Which of the following processes explains this event?

a) Aerobic respiration

b) Anaerobic respiration

c) Fermentation

d) Breathing​

Answer 1

Answer:

b) Anaerobic respiration in the muscle explains this event.                      

Explanation:

• The 400 m race is considered to be so difficult because a sprint is required over a distance which is too long to be a sprint, due to the nature of the energy source athletes employ for sprinting.

• For a 400 m race, the most predominant energy source used by elite athletes is anaerobic glycolysis. That can last from 30 to 40 s when trained, almost long enough to complete the entire race which takes the very best athletes between 44 to 50s to complete.
• Anaerobic respiration means in the absence of oxygen. As a by-product of the manufacturing of energy through anaerobic glycolysis, lactate is produced from the breakdown of glucose without oxygen.

• Lactic acid can be simply described as a waste product from creating energy for intense exercise when insufficient amounts of oxygen are available. Effectively, the body has a small, limited store of energy for exercise (known as its ATP store).

• Thus, once this store has dissipated, there needs to be a way of re-synthesizing it so the body can carry on exercising.

• Although anaerobic glycolysis is a fast way of releasing energy, which a runner can use to move their muscles, the lactic acid produced as a by-product has effects on muscle performance and must be removed.

• Since there isn't enough oxygen to meet the ATP needs in the running race, the muscle cells switch over to anaerobic respiration, which produces lactic acid which then causes decreased muscle contraction.

• The lactic acid should be oxidized to CO₂ and H₂O later.
• Anaerobic respiration yields just two ATPs and produces lactic acid.
• A portion of the lactic acids stays in the muscle strands, which adds to muscle exhaustion.
• During the tough muscular activity, a great deal of ATP should be created.
• Lactic acid is thus eliminated from the muscles after the activity through the oxidation cycle that changes over the lactic acid into CO₂ and H₂O in the idle muscles and organs.

Thus, option b) Anaerobic respiration is the appropriate answer.

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Answer 2

Answer:

The correct answer is b) Anaerobic respiration.

Explanation:

• Anaerobic respiration doesn’t require oxygen for the breakdown of food and hence, it gives relatively less energy than aerobic respiration which involves the utilization of oxygen.
• While running or doing any heavy exercise which increases the demand for more oxygen will result in the utilization of anaerobic respiration. The muscles of the athlete while running in the 400 m race start anaerobic respiration because of the demand for more oxygen. It involves the use of sugar to produce ATP without oxygen use, and hence, it releases lactic acid as a product. The deposition of lactic acid makes muscle burn and makes it harder to exercise or perform the task.

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