Land tax policies of the British exploited the indian agriculture.....HOW....???????
Answers
Answer:
LAND POLICIES THAT BRITISH INDIA IMPLEMENTED CAUSED THE FOLLOWING TROUBLES AND PROBLEMS::::::::::::::::
- High land revenue- Extraction of high revenue under all three systems led to growth of poverty and deterioration of agriculture.
- Debt burden- Inability of peasants to pay high land revenue drove the peasant to borrow money at high rates of interest from the moneylender and got the peasant deeper and deeper into debt till he parted with his land
- Commercialization of agriculture- The commercial non-food crops substituted the food grains that led to famines.
- Regional specialization- Commercialization led to regional specialization of crops based upon climatic conditions instead of food sustenance in every part of the country. Bombay presidency grew cotton, Bengal grew jute and Indigo, Bihar grew opium, Assam grew tea, Punjab grew wheat.
- New class of zamindars- Landed property of old zamindars was transferred to merchants and other moneyed classes that led to rack-renting and ejectment of peasants.
- Overcrowding in agriculture- Ruin of traditional industries and avenues of artisans overly crowded the agriculture.
- Changed land use- With increased need of infrastructure development, agriculture and forest lands were cleared.
- Increased subinfeudation- Absentee landlords whose main aim was to extract revenue without being responsible sublet the lands to others, increasing burden on peasants.
HENCE, WE CAN SAY THOSE POLICIES DID EXPLOIT OUR COUNTRY..AND SELDOM DID THE BRITISH STAYED SENSITIVE TO THE INDIANS
HOPE IT HELPS U.......❤
Answer:
The land furnishes the chief source of Indian revenue and the collection of the land tax forms the main work of Indian administration.
Eighty per cent. of the taxes in India are raised by revenue assessment upon land. The Government steadily discourages private ownership in land as it objects to an idle landlord class coming between itself and the real producers of wealth—those who till the soil. The amount of taxes raised direct from the peasant is from 50 to 65 per cent. of the value of the yield of the land, in addition to which they have to pay local taxes and various other small items so that probably not less than 75 per cent. of the harvest goes in taxes . . . . From time to time the revenue charges are revised so that the Government may obtain the last penny which can be wrung from the over-weighted peasant. Increases of 30 per cent. are common, and there are many on record of 50, 70 and even 100 per cent. It is this fact which keeps the people of India in a condition of perpetual, hopeless, grinding poverty.
In a simple lease of the Verrumpattam type it is not at all uncommon that the tenant is called upon to pay to the landlord the whole of the estimated net produce after deducting the bare??? of seed and cultivation and consequently he is merely a labourer on subsistence wages, though it suits his landlord to bind him by contract. It frequently happens that the rent which the tenant covenants to pay is more than the land could yield, and in this case a burden of debt accumulates on him, and his position becomes little better than that of a slave. If he incurs his landlord’s displeasure a decree of eviction and arrears of rent, and his means of livelihood are gone for ever.