Question

Land utilisation class10

Answer 1

Major Types of Land Utilization in India are discussed below :

1. Net sown area:

Cropped area in the year under consideration is called net sown area. This area has a special significance in an agricultural country like India because agricultural production largely depends upon this type of land.

2. Area sown more than once:

As the name indicates, this area is used to grow more than one crop in a year. This accounts for over 34 3 per cent of the net sown area and 16.6 per cent of the total reporting area of the country. This type of area comprises of land with rich fertile soils and regular water supply. It is clear that the percentage of area sown more than once is rather low in India as a whole.

3. Forests:

Forest area has increased considerably from 40.45 million hectares in 1950-51 to 69.0 million hectares in 1999-2000 recording a 70 per cent increase in a span of half a century. However, 22.23 per cent of forest land to the total reporting area is not sufficient for a tropical country like India where about 33 per cent of the total land should be under forests.

4. Land not available for cultivation:

This class consists of two types of land viz. (i) land put to non agricultural uses and (ii) barren and unculturable waste. The area put to non-agricultural uses includes land occupied by villages, towns, roads, railways or under water i.e. rivers, lakes, canals, tanks, ponds, etc.

5. Permanent pastures and other grazing lands:

A total area of 11 million hectares is devoted to permanent pastures and other grazing lands. This amounts to about 4 per cent of the total reporting area of the country. Grazing takes place mostly in forests and other uncultivated land wherever pasturage is available.

6. Land under miscellaneous tree crops and groves:

Land under miscellaneous tree crops and groves include all cultivable land which is not included under net area sown, but is put to some agricultural use. Land under casuarina trees, thatching grass, bamboo, bushes, other groves for fuel, etc. which are not included under orchard are classed under this category.

7. Culturable waste:

The “wasteland survey and reclamation committee” defines “culturable waste” as the land available for cultivation but not used for cultivation for one reason or the other. This land was used in the past but has been abandoned for some reason. It is not being used at present due to such constraints as lack of water, salinity or alkalinity of soil, soil erosion, water-logging, an unfavourable physiographic position, or human neglect.

8. Fallow lands:

This category includes all that land which was used for cultivation but is temporarily out of cultivation. Fallow land is of two type’s viz., current fallow and fallow other than current fallow. Fallow of one year is called ‘current fallow’ while that of 2 to 5 years is classified as ‘fallow other than current fallow’. Fallow land is left uncultivated from 1 to 5 years to help soil recoup its fertility in the natural way depending upon the nature of soil and the nature of fanning.

Answer 2

Recreational, Transport, Agricultural, Residential and commercial

Explanation:

Land use means modifying and managing the natural environment to built semi-natural habitats and settlements.  

There are different types of land use categories, five most common are agricultural, transport, recreational, commercial and residential.

1. Recreational land: It means it is used for enjoyment. It can have open spaces for exercising, swimming pools and playgrounds.
2. Transport : Land used for transport help people to commute from one place to other, land used for transport include airports, roads, train stations and subway stations.
3. Agricultural  Land: It used for agriculture and help us to grow and harvest livestock and crop. Ranches, pastures and farms are found on agricultural land.  
4. Residential: The land utilized for constructing residential apartments and homes falls under this category.  
5. Commercial: The land designated for warehouses, businesses and infrastructure related to commerce is called commercial land. It is used for constructing restaurants, office buildings, and shops. Such land is vital for the economy of a community.

In India land is classified into following categories:

1. Net sown area,
2. Area sown more than once,
3. Forest Land not available for cultivation
4. Permanent pastures and other grazing lands
5. Land under miscellaneous tree crops and groves
6. Culturable waste
7. Fallow lands