Question

Latin gives us the word 'longitudo' meaning length, from which we get longitude. Longitudes are not full circles. They are semi-circles connecting pole to pole. Every longitude cuts across every latitude. The ancient Indian text, Surya Sidhanta postulates a spherical ' earth and proposes a meridian (longitude) that passes through Ujjain. Aryabhata knew of the meridians that passed through Ujjain, Lanka and Rohtak. Varahamihira knew of all these meridians, including the one that go through Alexandria. Ancient Indians knew the latitude of a place by measuring the inclination of the polar star,Dhruva.
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Answer 1

Explanation:

Latin gives us the word 'longitudo' meaning length, from which we get longitude. Longitudes are not full circles. They are semi-circles connecting pole to pole. Every longitude cuts across every latitude. The ancient Indian text, Surya Sidhanta postulates a spherical ' earth and proposes a meridian (longitude) that passes through Ujjain. Aryabhata knew of the meridians that passed through Ujjain, Lanka and Rohtak. Varahamihira knew of all these meridians, including the one that go through Alexandria. Ancient Indians knew the latitude of a place by measuring the inclination of the polar star,Dhruva.