Question

Latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India 30 degree then why is the North and south extent longer than the east west extent

Answer 1

The latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India is approximately the same i.e. 30o. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands extend further southwards and add to the latitudinal extent of India. The latitudinal extent of India from Kashmir in the north to Kanyakumari in the south is 3,214 km. India's longitudinal extent from the Rann of Kutch in the west to Arunachal Pradesh in the east is 2,933 km.

If we look at maths point of view,  the radius of earth along the lattitude and along the longitude could be different as earth's surface is not exactly spherical. radius along lattitude could probably be bigger