lesson 2 motion of earth Question answers 6 class
Answers
Answer:
. Exercises
1. Answer the following questions briefly.
(a) What is the angle of inclination of the earth’s axis with its orbital plane?
Answer:
The angle of inclination of the earth’s axis with its orbital plane is 66½°.
(b) Define rotation and revolution.
Answer:
Rotation: The movement of the earth on its axis is called rotation.
Revolution: The movement of the earth around the sun in a fixed path or on an orbit is called Revolution.
(c) What is a leap year?
Answer:
A year which has 366 days instead of 365 days is called a leap year. The earth takes 365¼ days to revolve around the sun. But we consider a year as consisting of 365 days only and ignore six hours for the sake of convenience. These six hours saved every year are added to make one day (24 hours) in four years. This additional day is added to the month of February every fourth year. Thus, in this year, February has 29 days instead of 28 days and the year itself has 366 days.
(d) Differentiate between the Summer and Winter Solstice.
Answer:
Summer Solstice
Winter Solstice
1. It is the position of the Earth when the rays of the Sun fall directly on the Tropic of Cancer.
1. It is the position of the Earth when the rays of the Sun fall directly on the Tropic of Capricorn.
2. A large portion of the northern hemisphere experiences more heat and light. Hence, it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere.
2. A large portion of the Southern Hemisphere gets light from the Sun. Hence, it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere.
3. In this position, the North Pole is tilted towards the Sun.
3. In this position, the North Pole is tilted away from the Sun.
4. During this period, days are longer than nights in the Northern Hemisphere.
4. During this period, nights are longer than days in the Northern Hemisphere.
5. It occurs on 21st June in the Northern Hemisphere.
5. It occurs on 22nd December in the Northern Hemisphere.
(e) What is an equinox?
Answer:
On 21st March and September 23rd, direct rays of the sun fall on the equator. At this position, neither of the poles is tilted towards the sun. So, the whole earth experiences equal days and equal nights. This is called an equinox.
(f) Why does the Southern Hemisphere experience Winter and Summer Solstice at different times than that of the Northern Hemisphere?
Answer:
The Earth is always revolving around the sun. The part of the earth which faces the sun experiences summer and the part away from the sun experiences winter.
On 21st June, when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun the Southern Hemisphere is away from it. Therefore, the Northern Hemisphere experiences summer solstice while the Southern Hemisphere experiences winter solstice at the same time. On the other hand, on 22nd December, when the Southern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun, the Northern Hemisphere is away from it. Therefore, the Southern Hemisphere experiences summer solstice while Northern Hemisphere experiences winter solstice at this time.
Thus, the Southern Hemisphere experiences Winter and Summer Solstice at different times than that of the Northern Hemisphere.
(g) Why do the poles experience about six months day and six months night?
Answer:
The poles experience about six months of day and six months of night due to the tilt of the earth on its axis. Because of this tilt, each pole is tilted towards and away from the sun for about six months each.
When the North Pole is tilted towards the sun, it experiences continuous daylight for six months. At the same, it is night at the South Pole. These conditions are reversed when the South Pole is tilted towards the Sun.
2. Tick the correct answers.
(a) The movement of the earth around the sun is known as
(i) Rotation
(ii) Revolution
(iii) Inclination
Answer: (ii) Revolution
(b) Direct rays of the sun fall on the equator on
(i) 21 March
(ii) 21 June
(iii) 22 December
Answer: (i) 21 March
(c) Christmas is celebrated in summer in
(i) Japan
(ii) India
(iii) Australia
Answer: (iii) Australia
(d) Cycle of the seasons is caused due to
(i) Rotation
(ii) Revolution
(iii) Gravitation
Answer: (ii) Revolution
3. Fill in the blanks.
(a) A leap year has _______________ number of days.
(b) The daily motion of the earth is _______________.
(c) The earth travels around the sun in ______________ orbit.
(d) The sun’s rays fall vertically on the Tropic of ___________ on 21st June.
(e) Days are shorter during ___________ season.
Answer:
(a) A leap year has 366 number of days.
(b) The daily motion of the earth is rotation.
(c) The earth travels around the sun in an elliptical orbit.
(d) The sun’s rays fall vertically on the Tropic of Cancer on 21st June.
(e) Days are shorter during winter season.
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