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⏩Explain Electron gaining ethalpy...


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Answer 1

Answer:

Electron Gaining Enthalpy →↓

Electron gain enthalpy of an element is the energy released when a neutral isolated gaseous atom accepts an extra electron to form the gaseous negative Ion i.e. anion. We can denote it by Δ egH. Greater the amount of energy released in the above process, higher is the electron gain enthalpy of the element.

The electron gain enthalpy of an element is a measure of the firmness or strength with which an extra electron is bound to it. It is measured in electron volts per atom or kJ per mole. It can be an endothermic or exothermic reaction when you add an electron to the atom.

Some facts about Electron Gaining Enthalpy→↓

Energy is released when an electron is added to the atom. Therefore, the electron gain enthalpy is negative.

The electron gain enthalpy for halogens is highly negative because they can acquire the nearest stable noble gas configuration by accepting an extra electron.

Noble gases have large positive electron gain enthalpy. This is because the extra electron is placed in the next higher principal quantum energy levels. Thus, a highly unstable electronic configuration is produced.

Now, let us look at some of the factors that determine the electron gain enthalpy.

Factors affecting Electron Gaining Enthalpy→↓

1) Atomic Size

As the size of the atom increases, the distance between the nucleus and the last shell which receives the incoming electrons increases. This decreases the force of attraction between the nucleus and the incoming electron. Hence, the electron gain enthalpy becomes less negative.

2) Nuclear charge

As the nuclear charge increases, the force of attraction between the nucleus and the incoming electron increases. Hence, the enthalpy becomes more negative.

3) Electronic configuration

Elements with exactly half filled or completely filled orbitals are very stable. You have to supply energy to add an electron. Hence, their electron gain enthalpy has large positive values. The electron gain enthalpy becomes less negative in going from top to bottom in a group. It becomes more negative in going from left to right in a period.

Answer 2

Hey buddy

Electron gain enthalpy of an element may be defined as the energy released when a neutral isolated gaseous atom accepts an extra electron to form the gaseous negative Ion i.e. anion.It is denoted by

Δ eg H.

Greater the amount of energy released in the above process, higher is the electron gain enthalpy of the element. The electron gain enthalpy of a element is a measure of the firmness or strength with which an extra electron is bound to it.

Electron gain enthalpy is measured in electron volts per atom or kJ per mole.

The process of adding an electron to the atom can be either exothermic or endothermic.

Factors on which the electron gain enthalpy depends

(1) Atomic Size

As the size of the atom increases, the distance between the nucleus and the last shell which receives the incoming electrons increases. As a result, the force of attraction between the nucleus and the incoming electron decreases and hence the electron gain enthalpy becomes less negative.

(2) Nuclear Charge

As the nuclear charge increases ,the force of attraction between the nucleus and the incoming electron increases and hence the enthalpy becomes more negative.

(3) Electronic Configuration

Elements having exactly half filled or completely filled orbitals are very stable

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