Question

levels of management diagram

Answer 1

The organisational pyramid gives us a vertical hierarchy (dimension). Delegations of authority based on span of control creates multiple levels of management or organisation. Narrow span of control creates more levels in the organisational hierarchy and the numerous levels in the hierarchy are centralised, or closely controlled.

We also have a tall organisation pyramid when there are multiple levels of management. On the other hand, when we have a wide span of control, there are fewer levels of management and the organisation is decentralised, or loosely controlled. Wide span of control also gives us a flat organisation pyramid.



Comments on Levels of Management:

(1) Each level of management is an integral part of the chain of command and as such it acts as the channel for transmission of authority to the succeeding lower levels of the management. We have downward flow of authority.

(2) Each level of management also serves as a primary vehicle for formal communication, e.g., orders, instructions, explanations, requests for information, etc. Similarly it can also act as a channel for upward communication of reports on results achieved, complaints, grievances, protests and reactions in the form of a feedback of information.

(3) Multiple levels of management give us a scalar chain or vertical hierarchy which is dictated by the principle of unity of command linking all members of the organisation from top to bottom.

(4) Power and authority are delegated downwards, beginning at the top, from each manager to his subordinates. Each position has a complete sphere of operation.

Types of Levels of Management:

Different managers perform different types of duties. Some managers decide about the objectives of the business as a whole; some managers perform functions to achieve these objectives in different departments, like production, sales, etc., and some of the managers are concerned with the supervision of day-do-day activities of workers.

1. Top-Level Management

2. Middle-Level Management

3. Lower-Level Management

Answer 2

Top-level managers. The board of directors, president, vice-president, and CEO are all examples of top-level managers. These managersare responsible for controlling and overseeing the entire organization. They develop goals, strategic plans, company policies, and make decisions on the direction of the business.