Life history about Netaji Subash Chandra Bose
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sympathy for the cause of India's independence, contrasting starkly with its attitudes towards other colonised peoples and ethnic communities.[11][12] In November 1941, with German funds, a Free India Centre was set up in Berlin, and soon a Free India Radio, on which Bose broadcast nightly. A 3,000-strong Free India Legion, comprising Indians captured by Erwin Rommel's Afrika Korps, was also formed to aid in a possible future German land invasion of India.[13] By spring 1942, in light of Japanese victories in southeast Asia and changing German priorities, a German invasion of India became untenable, and Bose became keen to move to southeast Asia.[14] Adolf Hitler, during his only meeting with Bose in late May 1942, suggested the same, and offered to arrange for a submarine.[15] Identifying strongly with the Axis powers, and no longer apologetically, Bose boarded a German submarine in February 1943.[16][17] In Madagascar, he was transferred to a Japanese submarine from which he disembarked in Japanese-held Sumatra in May 1943.[16]
With Japanese support, Bose revamped the Indian National Army (INA), then composed of Indian soldiers of the British Indian army who had been captured in the Battle of Singapore.[18] To these, after Bose's arrival, were added enlisting Indian civilians in Malaya and Singapore. The Japanese had come to support a number of puppet and provisional governments in the captured regions, such as those in Burma, the Philippines and Manchukuo. Before long the Provisional Government of Free India, presided by Bose, was formed in the Japanese-occupied Andaman and Nicobar Islands.[18][19][j] Bose had great drive and charisma—creating popular Indian slogans, such as "Jai Hind,"—and the INA under Bose was a model of diversity by region, ethnicity, religion, and even gender. However, Bose was regarded by the Japanese as being militarily unskilled,[20][k] and his military effort was short-lived. In late 1944 and early 1945 the British Indian Army first halted and then devastatingly reversed the Japanese attack on India. Almost half the Japanese forces and fully half the participating INA contingent were killed.[21][l] The INA was driven down the Malay Peninsula, and surrendered with the recapture of Singapore. Bose had earlier chosen not to surrender with his forces or with the Japanese, but rather to escape to Manchuria with a view to seeking a future in the Soviet Union which he believed to be turning anti-British. He died from third degree burns received when his plane crashed in Taiwan.[22][m] Some Indians, however, did not believe that the crash had occurred,[4][n] with many among them, especially in Bengal, believing that Bose would return to gain India's independence.[23][o][24][p][25][q]
The Indian National Congress, the main instrument of Indian nationalism, praised Bose's patriotism but distanced itself from his tactics and ideology,[26][r] especially his collaboration with fascism.[27] The now waning post-war British Raj, though it had never been seriously threatened by the INA during the war,[28][s][29][t] initially charged 300 INA officers with treason in the INA trials, but eventually backtracked in the face of popular sentiment, and also while taking stock of the imminent departure of the British administration from India.[30][u][27][2]
Subash Chandra Bose was popularly known as “Netaji” due to his work. He was born on 23 January 1897 in Cuttack, Orissa(India). His father Janakinath Bose was a lawyer by profession and mother Prabhavati Devi was a housewife. He was good at studies and received the second rank in matriculation examination. He had completed his B.A. philosophy from the University of Calcutta and also studied in Cambridge for Indian Civil Service(ICS) Exams, in which he ranked fourth.
He entered Indian Freedom Fight by the influence of Chittaranjan Das. He had worked as president of All India National Congress, but later due to his aggressive ideologies, he resigned from Congress and founded Swaraj Party. He was arrested by the British for his opposition to British Rule in India. He escaped smartly from imprisonment.
In 1941, Bose established Army of Indians from South East Asia and named it as “Indian National Army.” The army captured the regions in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.