Question

LIfe in Towns and villages
Part 1
1. How did iron tools help increase production of food?
2. What are ring wells?
3. What are punch-marked coins?
4. Give two important functions performed by the Gramabhojaka.
5. What were the imports and exports from the port town of Bharuch?

Answer 1

Answer:

1. The iron tools that the Aryans used included axes for clearing forests, and the iron ploughshare. The

ploughshare was useful for increasing agricultural production. This meant that heavy , clayey soil be turned over better then with a wooden ploughshare, so that more gain could be produced.

2. Ring wells were built as rows of pots and ceramic rings arranged one on top of the other. Ring wells were used as drainage or garbage dumps. The ring wells were found usually in individual houses.

3. Punch marked coins are a type of early coinage if India, dating to between about the 6th and 2nd centuries BCE. With an irregular shape. This was gained by cutting up silver bars and then making the correct weight by cutting the edges of coin.

4. The gramabhojaka had the authority to collect tasks from other farmers. He also served the function of a judge and sometimes, that of a policeman. He was the biggest landowner in the village and exercised many powers. He was very powerful in the village.

5. Bharuch formerly known as broach, is a city at the mouth of the river... In the 3rd century, Bharuch port was mentioned as barugaza Arab traders...

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