Question

Limitations of CDM?(5 Marks)

Answer 1

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Muslim political groups were lukewarm in their response to the Civil Disobedience Movement.

After the decline of the Non Cooperation -Khilafat movement started , there was a atmosphere of suspicion and distrust between communities.

Alienated from the Congress large sections of Muslims could not respond to the call for a united struggle.

Many Muslim leaders and intellectualls expressed their concern about the status of Muslims as a minority within India.

They feared that the culture and identity of minorities would be submerged under the domination of Hindu majority.

Dalit participation was limited. They began organiging themselves, demanding reserved seats in educational institutions, and a separate electorate.

Dr. B.R Ambedkar, who organised the datits into the depressed Classes Assocition in 1930, clashed with mahatma Gandhi at the Second Round Table Conference by demanding separate electorates for dalits.

Ambedkar ultimately accepted Gandhiji's position and the result was the Poona Pact of September 1932.

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Answer 2

Limitations of Civil Disobedience Movement:-

• Limited participation of Dalits: Dalits participation in the civil Disobedience movement was very limited, particularly in Maharashtra and Nagpur region where their organization was quite strong.
• No Participation of Muslims: Some of the Muslim political organizations in India were also Lukewarm in their response to the Civil Disobedience Movement. After Non-Cooperation-Khilafat movement Muslims felt alienated from the congress.
• Dominant role of Sanatanis and Hindu Mahasabha: The role of Sanatanis and Hindu Mahasabha was very dominant. Due to the fear of Sanatanis the conservative high class Hindus, congress ignored the Dalits. Congress was very close to Hindu Mahasbha. Hindus Mahasabha strongly opposed the efforts of compromise between Congress and Muslim League.
• Clash between BR Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi: In 1930 Dr B R Ambedkar clashed with Mahatma Gandhi at the second-round table conference by demanding separate electorate for Dalits.
• Participants have different aspirations: Participation had their own aspirations. There was a contrast between the demands of industrialist and working class. Contrast was also there in the demand of Rich peasants and poor peasants. United struggle was not there.

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