Liquids diffuse faster than heavier gases. Explain it with experimental project.
Answers
Effusion
Not only do gaseous particles move with high kinetic energy, but their small size enables them to move through small openings as well; this process is known as effusion. For effusion to occur, the hole’s diameter must be smaller than the molecules’ mean free path (the average distance that a gas particle travels between successive collisions with other gas particles). The opening of the hole must be smaller than the mean free path because otherwise, the gas could move back and forth through the hole.
Effusion is explained by the continuous random motion of particles; over time, this random motion guarantees that some particles will eventually pass through the hole.Diffusion
The kinetic theory describes a gas as a large number of submicroscopic particles (atoms or molecules), all of which are in constant rapid motion that has randomness arising from their many collisions with each other and with the walls of the container.
Diffusion refers to the process of particles moving from an area of high concentration to one of low concentration. The rate of this movement is a function of temperature, viscosity of the medium, and the size (mass) of the particles. Diffusion results in the gradual mixing of materials, and eventually, it forms a homogeneous mixture.
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Answer:
Experiment involving ammonia and hydrogen chloride is the best to proof that Liquids diffuse faster than heavier gases, here ammonia gas and hydrogen chloride gas were released from opposite sides of a test tube. When they come forward of each other, they formed ammonium chloride. Hydrogen chloride is heavier, it diffuses less. And by using the distances and molecular weights, it can be derived the rms formula of v = root (3RT/M) where v = velocity, R = gas constant, T = absolute temperature (so kelvin), and M = molar mass.