list 10 forest raw materials and their products
Answers
Fuelwood -
For the rural population, wood is an important source of energy for cooking and heating. They prefer smaller stems as these are easier to collect and carry.
Fodder -
Fodder from the forest forms an important source for cattle and other grazing animals in the hilly and the arid regions and during a drought.
Soil erosion check -
Tree roots bind the soil and prevent erosion caused by wind or water. Leaf fall also provides a soil cover
Soil improvement -
Some species of trees have the ability to return nitrogen to the soil through root decomposition or fallen leaves. Such trees are planted to increase the nitrogen content of the soil
Bamboo -
These are common in the north-eastern and the south-western parts of India, growing along with deciduous or evergreen forest. The main commercial uses of bamboo are as timber substitutes, fodder, and raw material for basket, paper and pulp, and other small-scale industries.
Grasses -
There are hundreds of varieties of grasses in the country that are used for a number of purposes. Lemon grass, palmrose grass, bhabbhar, and khus grass are some of them.
Fruit -
Fruit trees are an important source of income and food for the rural household. In some areas fruit trees are commonly planted along the field borders and around the wells. Mango, coconut, orange, pear, jackfruit and many others grow wild in the forest.
Medicinal use -
Since time immemorial humans have been depending on the forest to cure them of various ailments. Even today man is dependent on the forest for herbs and plants to fight against disease.
Fibre -
Plant fibre has many different uses. Soft fibres such as jute are derived from the stems of the plant.
Essential oils -
Tropical grasses such as lemon grass, citronella, and khus are the source of essential oils.
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Answer:
1. Honey
Today, honey is one of the major foods sourced from forests. The biggest sellers of honey are communities that stay next to forests. Most governments allow humans neighboring forests to carry out commercial activities in the forests as long as they do not harm the forest.
2. Wild meat
It is also common to find communities surrounding game parks feeding on wild meat. Game rangers also kill wild animals and allow the local communities to share the kill. Although game hunting is highly regulated in most places, it is not fully outlawed.
3. Fruits
Forests are also a major source of fruits. In some areas, fruits such as mango, orange, coconut, guavas, pear, and jackfruit among others freely grow in the forests. The fruits that go naturally in forests vary from one region to another depending on the weather
4. Mushroom
Although mushroom is grown commercially, a substantial amount of the edible mushroom is harvested in the forests. In the United States, the forests of Oregon, Idaho, and Washington are major players in the mushroom supply.
5. Palm wine
Although palm wine has a short shelf life that makes it commercial production unviable, the communities in the regions where palm trees grow such as West Africa have a big demand for palm wine. As a traditional drink, most of these communities cannot hold social gatherings without palm wine.
6. Palm oil
Palm oil production is the main economic activity of humans in the regions where palm trees grow. Although farmers can cultivate palm trees in their farms, the communities also share the produce from the palm forests within their vicinity
7. Cola nuts
Cola nut is a product that is mostly sourced from forests. It is imperative as it is one of the few stimulants allowed to Muslims. In certain regions such as West Africa, the Cola nuts are seen as a sign of friendship and peace, which gives the nut a center stage in meetings, reunions, festivals, and ceremonies.
Timber and Wood Products
Timber is one of the main products sourced from forests. It is also considered the major cause of deforestation in most uncontrolled forests due to its high demand, which attracts illegal logging. The need for timber in furniture and real estate industries has pushed the demand above the regional supply resulting in global trade.
Wood products are the major forest products that are traded globally with the main sources of wood products being regions with tropical forests. The common timber products you will most likely find or use in your home include:
8. Wood raw material
Wood as raw material, which is also known as roundwood is commonly used for commercial fuel. Although the data from countries on roundwood removals for fuel is unreliable, there is enough evidence on how important the wood raw material is in the energy sector.
In Europe, where the demand for roundwood is high, consumption has been increasing steadily over the last few decades. According to Researchgate, Demand for roundwood is predicted to reach six billion m3 by 2050 and will be the main driver for the expansion of industrial plantations.
The biggest importer of wood logs from the European region is China, with the main exporters being New Zealand and the Russian Federation. The US and Canada are also major producers of logs.
9. Sawn softwood
The consumption of sawn softwood increased by 4.2-percent in North America and by 2.7-percent in Europe in the last few years based on data from FAO.
In the US and Canada, the production of sawn softwood increased by 5.4-percent and 1.1-percent, respectively. Sawn softwood is a major product in the real estate industry.
10. Sawn Hardwood
Sawn hardwood is mainly used in flooring, furniture, millwork, pallets, and cabinets. The demand for hardwood products has been growing steadily over the decades as it is pushed by the demand for trendy designs and fashions.