Question

List 5 useful 10 harmful microorganisms and how they are useful and harmful

Answer 1

What are the most harmful microorganisms?

Originally Answered: What are the types of harmful microorganisms?

Microorganisms can harm human beings in various ways. Hence classification of types of harmful microorganisms should be based on “how they do the harm.”

The first category is ‘disease causing microorganism’ or pathogens. Again this group can be subdivided into two sub-groups - 1) pathogens that can attack human beings directly such as Tuberculosis bacilli( Mycobacterium tuberculosis), Vibrio cholerae( cause Cholera), Bacterial Meningitis (Neisseria meningitidis) etc. Common dermatitis(skin infections) are caused by fungus.

The second sub-group is zoonotic microorganisms (organisms carried by animals, insects and cause disease on transfer to human) such as Rabies virus ( caused by infected dog bite) , malaria parasite (carried by Anopheles mosquito), Dengue ( virus carried by mosquito Aedes aegypti )Anthrax ( from cattle to human), Leishmaniasis ( caused by the bite of certain types of sandfly) etc. Nipah virus is also carried by fruit bats , eating contaminated fruits can cause virus infection.

The second category is the “opportunistic pathogens.” These microorganisms normally don’t cause disease in healthy humans, but they can cause disease only when a human being is weak due to chronic disease/ wound/ bleeeding , freshly operated patients, immuno-compromised patients etc.The most important example being Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Most of the infections that spread from hospital/Nursing homes etc(commonly known as Nosocomial infections) have associated opportunistic pathogens.

The third group of harmful microorganisms don’t cause any disease directly by attacking humans but they secrete toxins ,which in turn causes harm to human beings. Common food poisoning is caused by Clostridium botulinum, Some other bacteria such as Clostridium tetani, Staphylococcus aureus form toxins which harm the victims by causing disease or even death. Fungal toxins (mycotoxin)are also common such as Aflatoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus. Common source of mushroom toxin is Amatoxin from Amanita phalloides (mushroom Commonly called death cap). Mushroom is the fruiting body of fungus.

Answer 2

Answer:

$\bf{\huge{\mathfrak{\boxed{\red{Answer\:}}}}}$

Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis in musquito control. Ideonella sakaiensis in PET plastic degradation. Rhizobium in leguminous plants. Lactobacillus in curds. Antibiotics are substances produced by microorganisms that kill or inhibit other microbes which are used in the treatment of infectious disease.

$<marquee behavior=move bgcolor =white ><h1 >Thanks❤</h1></marquee >$