list any 2 characteristics of non-aligned movement
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Answer:
Drawing on the principles agreed at the Bandung Conference in 1955, the NAM was established in 1961 in Belgrade, SR Serbia, Yugoslavia through an initiative of the Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru[5], Indonesian President Sukarno and the Yugoslav President Josip Broz Tito. This led to the first Conference of Heads of State or Governments of Non-Aligned Countries.[6] The term non-aligned movement first appears in the fifth conference in 1976, where participating countries are denoted as "members of the movement".
The purpose of the organization was enumerated by Fidel Castro in his Havana Declaration of 1979 as to ensure "the national independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity and security of non-aligned countries" in their "struggle against imperialism, colonialism, neo-colonialism, racism, and all forms of foreign aggression, occupation, domination, interference or hegemony as well as against great power and bloc politics."[7][8] The countries of the Non-Aligned Movement represent nearly two-thirds of the United Nations' members and contain 55% of the world population. Membership is particularly concentrated in countries considered to be developing or part of the Third World, though the Non-Aligned Movement also has a number of developed nations.
Although many of the Non-Aligned Movement's members were actually quite closely aligned with one or another of the superpowers (such as the People's Republic of China, an observer, or the Russian Federation, not participating in the Non-Aligned Movement), the movement still maintained cohesion throughout the Cold War, even despite several conflicts between members which also threatened the movement. In the years since the Cold War's end, it has focused on developing multilateral ties and connections as well as unity among the developing nations of the world, especially those within the Global South
Answer:
1. Non-involvement in Power Politics:
Non-alignment emerged as an anti-power politics concept. It rejected the concept of struggle to be more powerful than others. While accepting the right of a nation to be powerful for satisfying the goals of its national interests it rejected the thesis for increasing power for the sake of building a reserve of power in competition with opponents-or rivals. Non-alignment rejects unhealthy struggle for local, regional, continental or world domination. It is opposed to the concept of power for the sake of power or status.
2. Non-alignment is not Alignment of the Non-aligned:
Another vital feature of Non- alignment is that it has been opposed not only to the two blocs of powers but also to the desire to build up “a third force” or “a third bloc”. The aim of non-alignment is to build up an area of peace, an area which rejects war, cold war, alliances, and supports peace in a positive way and believes in cooperation among all states Non-aligned states always oppose attempts at transforming their group into a bloc.