Psychology, asked by niharikakotadiya42, 20 days ago

list any two impact of distribution of practice on learning​

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Answered by ramkotichandu
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Answered by kumarrpuneeth754
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Learning and memory are generally improved by repetition. However, not all repetitions are equally beneficial. The effectiveness of repetitions depends in part on their temporal distribution. A piece of information studied on several occasions widely spaced apart in time will be remembered better than a similar fact studied on several occasions close in time.Learning and memory are generally improved by repetition. However, not all repetitions are equally beneficial. The effectiveness of repetitions depends in part on their temporal distribution. A piece of information studied on several occasions widely spaced apart in time will be remembered better than a similar fact studied on several occasions close in time.The advantage of distributed repetitions over spaced repetitions has long been known. Hermann Ebbinghaus discussed distributed practice effects in his classic 1885 monograph on memory. He noted that "with any considerable number of repetitions a suitable distribution of them over a space of time is decidedly more advantageous than the massing of them at a single time" (p. 89). Similarly, Jost (1897) formulated the advantage of distributed over massed repetitions as one of his laws of memory. In subsequent decades, distribution of repetition became an important manipulation in the study of learning and memory. Because many different procedures were used and many conflicting results were found, the overall pattern was long unclear, and investigators, such as Underwood (1961), sometimes despaired of being able to find consistent advantages for distributed practice over massed practiceAmong researchers on human memory, an important breakthrough was the research of Arthur Melton (1967), who used a procedure that became standard for many subsequent investigators. Participants saw a list of words presented one at a time. Some words were shown once on the list, while others were shown twice. Of the words that were shown twice, some were repeated in massed fashion; that is, they were presented twice in a row. Other words were repeated in spaced or distributed fashion; that is, they had their occurrences separated by one or more intervening words. After presentation of the list was complete, participants were asked to recall the items in any order. Melton found that the probability of recall for repeated items increased as a positive function of the number of intervening items between presentations. This advantage for distributed repetitions over massed repetitions is often called the spacing effect; the fact that memory for spaced items may improve somewhat as the distribution between repetitions is increased further is sometimes called the lag effect.

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