List of all Pharaohs. (History Of Egypt)
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1. Djoser (reign 2686 BC – 2649 BC)
Djoser is perhaps the most famous Third Dynasty pharaoh, but little is known about his life. What is known, however, is that he oversaw the construction of the famous step pyramid at Saqqara, a hugely significant milestone in ancient Egyptian architecture. This pyramid, in which Djoser was buried, was the first structure to realise the iconic step design.
2. Khufu (reign 2589 ‒ 2566 BC)
The Great Pyramid of Giza remained the tallest man-made structure in the world for the best part of 4,000 years.
A Fourth Dynasty pharaoh, Khufu’s greatest legacy is undoubtedly the Great Pyramid of Giza, one of the Seven Wonders of the World.
The monumental structure is a testament to the bewildering sophistication of Egyptian architecture and, remarkably, remained the tallest man-made structure in the world for the best part of 4,000 years. It was conceived by Khufu as his stairway to heaven and the means of its construction remains something of a mystery to this day.
3. Hatshepsut (reign 1478–1458 BC)
Only the second woman to assume the role of pharaoh, Hatshepsut was the wife of Thutmose II and reigned in the Eighteenth Dynasty. Her step-son Thutmose III was just two years old when his father died in 1479 and so Hatshepsut soon took on the role of pharaoh (though Thutmose III also technically ruled as co-regent).
Hatshepsut shored up her legitimacy as pharaoh by claiming that her mother was visited by the deity Amon-Ra while pregnant with her, thus signalling her divinity. She took to the role of pharaoh and proved an accomplished ruler, re-establishing important trade routes and overseeing extended periods of peace.
4. Thutmose III (reign 1458–1425 BC)
Some Egyptologists refer to Thutmose III as the Napoleon of Egypt.
Thutmose III dedicated himself to military training while his step-mother was pharaoh, only taking over the role of main ruler when Hatshepsut died in 1458.
The pharaoh’s military training paid off and he earned a reputation as something of a military genius; indeed, Egyptologists sometimes refer to him as the Napoleon of Egypt. Thutmose III never lost a battle and his military exploits won him the respect of his subjects and, for many, a status as the greatest ever pharaoh.
5. Amenhotep III (reign 1388–1351 BC)
During Amenhotep III’s 38-year reign, he largely presided over a peaceful and prosperous Egypt. Indeed, Amenhotep III’s accomplishments as pharaoh were more cultural and diplomatic than military; few pharaohs can match his architectural and artistic legacy.
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