List of chemicals used in leather industry
Answers
The following is a list of chemicals commonly used in leather making: Beamhouse and Tanyard. Biocides. ...
Sodium hydrosulphide. Sodium hydrosulphide chemically destroys the hair on hides or skins. ...
Formic acid. Formic acid is used during the pickling process to lower the pH of the hides or skins.
Biocides
Biocides prevent the growth of bacteria which can damage the hides or skins during the soaking process
Surfactants
Surfactants are used to help with the wetting back of the hides or skins
Degreasers
Degreasers help with the removal of natural fats and greases from the hides or skins
Swell regulating agents
Swell regulating agents help prevent uneven swelling of the hides or skins during liming
Lime
Lime is used to swell the hides or skins
Sodium sulphide
Sodium sulphide chemically destroys the hair on hides or skins
Sodium hydrosulphide
Sodium hydrosulphide chemically destroys the hair on hides or skins. It does not create as much swelling as sodium sulphide
Low sulphide unhairing agents
Low sulphide unhairing agents help to reduce the amount of sulphides used in a tannery thus reducing the environmental impact of tanneries
Caustic soda
Caustic soda is used during the liming process to help swell the hides or skins
Soda ash
Soda ash is used during the soaking or liming processes to help raise the pH of the hides or skins
Ammonium sulphate
Ammonium sulphate is used during the deliming process and helps remove lime from the hides or skins
Ammonium chloride
Ammonium chloride is used during the deliming process and helps remove lime from the hides or skins
Sodium metabisulphite
Sodium metabisulphite is used during the deliming process and helps prevent the formation of toxic hydrogen sulphide gas during deliming. It also acts as a bleaching agent
Formic acid
Formic acid is used during the pickling process to lower the pH of the hides or skins
Sulphuric acid
Sulphuric acid is used during the pickling process to lower the pH of the hides or skins
Salt
Salt is used during the pickling process to prevent acid swelling of the hides or skins
Sodium formate
Sodium formate is used during the tanning process to assist with the penetration of chromium tanning salts into the hides or skins
Chromium sulphate
Chromium sulphate is the tanning agent used to make wet blue
Aldehyde tanning agents
Aldehydes are tanning agents used to make wet white
Magnesium oxide
Magnesium oxide is used during basification and raises the pH of the hide or skin to allow the chromium or aldehyde to chemically bind to the skin protein
Fungicide
Fungicides are chemicals that are used to prevent the growth of moulds or fungi on tanned hides or skins
Dyehouse
Surfactants / Wetting agents
Surfactants help in the wetting back of the wet blue in the dyehouse
Degreasers
Degreasers help remove grease or fats that may be present on the wet blue as a result of the wet blue coming into contact with machinery
Sodium formate
Sodium formate helps raise the pH during the neutralization process
Sodium bicarbonate
Sodium bicarbonate helps raise the pH during the neutralization process
Formic acid
Formic acid reduces the pH for the rechroming process or helps with chemically fixing dyehouse chemicals to the leather at the end of the dyehouse processes
Chrome syntans
Chrome syntans are used during rechroming to improve the softness of the final leathet
Chromium sulphate
Chromium sulphate is used during rechroming to improve the softness of the final leather
Syntans
Syntans are used to give properties such as softness, fullness, roundness to the leather
Resins
Resins are used to give fullness and a tight grain to the leather
Polymers
Polymers are used to give fullness and a tight grain to the leather
Dyes
Dyes are used to give the leather a colour desired by the customer
Dyeing auxiliaries
Dyeing auxiliaries help disperse the dyes evenly
Fatliquors
Fatliquors are oils that are added to leather to give softness to the final leather
Finishing
Acrylic resins
Acrylic resins give specific properties to the leather finish such as adhesion, water resistance
Butadiene resins
Butadiene resins give specific properties to the leather finish such as good coverage
Polyurethane resins
Polyurethane resins give specific properties to the leather finish such as good toughness and good lightfastness
Fillers
Fillers help fill small blemishes on the leather surface
Dullers
Dullers help reduce the gloss of the finish
Crosslinkers
Crosslinkers are used to toughen the leather finish and improve the water resistance properties of polyurethanes
Handle modifiers
Handle modifiers are used to give the leather surface a waxy or slippery feel
Nitrocellulose lacquers
Nitrocellulose lacquers are used in the top coat of a leather finish
Acrylic lacquers
Acrylic lacquers are used in the top coat of a leather finish
Polyurethane lacquers
Polyurethane lacquers are used in the top coat of a leather finish
Viscosity modifiers
Viscosity modifiers are used to increase the viscosity of a finish mixture
Pigments
Pigments are colouring agents that help hide defects on the leather surface
Dyes
Dyes are colouring agents that are used to slightly change the colour of the leather finish or to give the leather finish a more natural look
Defoamers
Defoamers are used to prevent bubbles from forming in the finish mixture
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Took me a long time to type... Hope it helps you